| obie light, basher (uk) | A special camera-top source first used, it is said, on merle oberon, which lightens otherwise dark eyes and faces, especially as the camera dollies-in for a close-up. a good obie can be dimmed wit... |
| ellipsoidal, focal or projection spot light | A special-purpose light that projects a well-defined, easy to shape beam; often used to project patterns onto backgrounds. a theater staple. |
| bounce light | - A super-soft source produced by reflecting lights off white (or at least color-neutral) panels or walls. also, the terminal treatment of lighting kits by belligerent or under-tipped baggage ha...
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| ev, exposure value | A system of light measurement in which each whole number is 1 stop more or less than its neighbors; used by many meter makers. |
| indoor film | A term guaranteed to trip up the new pro and the literal-minded when they`re loading the camera for window-light shots. tip: call it tungsten or 3,200k film. |
| fresnel | A thinner, lighter, "stepped" version of a plano-convex lens. also, a spot light with such a lens. tip: silent "s," sil vous plait. френель; |
| diffusion, diffuser | A translucent material placed in front of a light to soften highlights and shadows, reduce contrast and increase beam angle. |
| heat filter (lights) | A transparent filter that removes much of the infrared (heat) from a light source. |
| tungsten-halogen lamp | A tungsten filament coil set in a regenerative halogen gas atmosphere that eliminates premature lamp blackening. useful lamp-life is extended, lamp size decreased. earlier name: quartz iodine. |
| foot candle (fc) | A unit of incident illumination, theoretically unaffected by subject brightness. also see: lux. |
| slave unit (electronic flash) | A unit that, like a perfect assistant, responds in a flash to the master. |
| decibels (db, db) | A unit used to express differences in electrical or acoustical signals including, for example, how noisy a motion picture camera or airplane is, or how much gain a dark location requires. formula:... |
| open-face light | A vague term that seems to refer to a hard light (perhaps others) without a focusing lens, although (safety tip) not necessarily without a protective glass or screen in the front. |
| dichroic | A vapor-deposited coating (usually on glass or metal) that reflects unwanted portions of the light spectrum. a filter with such a coating, typically one that converts tungsten light to match dayli... дихроический; двухцветный; |
| mired | A variation on color temperature measurements which is proportional throughout the two scales. currently used mostly with filters. conversion formula: divide 1,000,000 by the kelvin degrees. also,... |
| shutter (light) | A venetian blind-like device attached to a light to adjust intensity without affecting color temperature; a mechanical dimmer. |
| arc light | - A very large, near-daylight, carbon-arc source that was used to shoot hollywood blockbusters - now rivaled by hmi and msr lights.
- A high-intensity light source produced by an arc, u...
luz de arco; |
| tabletop | - A waist-level platform useful so that you don`t waste your energy bending over while lighting and composing small objects. also, the type of shooting associated with such subjects.
- ...
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| bounce card, bounce board | A white reflecting panel used for fill or subtle kicks. see: show card. |
| floodlight, flood | A wide, semi-soft source often used for general illumination or to bounce light. also see: broad. |
| radio remote (flash) | A wireless device used to trigger flash or motor-driven cameras. jon falk cautions: "they can be made inoperative by random communication frequencies, certain phases of the moon, and a negati... |
| set up | - All the activities of placing lights, accessories, cameras, and, if needed, microphones, prior to shooting.
- Soldiers, mariners, and small-arm men, well drilled, and instructed to be...
устанавливать; |
| cinematic license | Allows holder to use unmotivated back light, elevate short actors, and transform day into night. |
| hair light | An accent light presumably limited to the top of the head. sometimes only a back light with delusions of grandeur and fancy-colored gels. |
| fog (on film - unintentional) | An accidental "image veiling" through light leaks or chemical action. one of the more serious technical nightmares that help to make film insurance nearly prohibitive. |
| stop, lens stop, f-stop, t-stop | An adjustable iris diaphragm that controls, in part, how much light reaches the film or video tube. once you grasp the logarithmic progression, and the idea that the larger the number the smaller ... |
| pan-itis | An aggravated condition of viewer`s eyes caused by relentless, rapid video and film camera swings. |
| artificial light | - An ambiguous term that refers to light produced by electricity as opposed to a natural source and to illumination introduced to record images. depending upon how it is used, it looks either ar...
искусственное освещение; |
| mirror (for lighting) | An ancient and honorable way to stretch your lighting resources and the sun`s reach. for table-top shots keep a few shaving mirrors handy for accents and kicks. a little tape applied to the mirror... |
| studio, stage | An area dedicated to convenient lighting, shooting, and often set-building and recording of films, videos, and stills. large, soundproof ones with grids and cycs tend to be popular on high-budget ... |
| composition, mise-en-scene | An arrangement of visual elements in the frame; the path followed by the eye while viewing an image. film and video composition exists in time and may change during the shot as well as through the... |
| par (parabolic aluminized reflector) | An automobile headlight-like lamp that is used in special, non-focusing fixtures. |
| wild wall | An easily removable flat or section of a set which facilitates camera positioning, dollying, and lighting. |
| spider box, junction box | An electrical distribution box used for plugging in lights, fans, and such. |
| electronic flash, strobe (stills) | An electronic source that produces a burst of light capable of freezing motion. its color temperature approximates daylight. strictly speaking, the term "strobe" refers to a light or eff... |
| wind machine | An excellent way to introduce atmosphere and drama - power and budget permitting. |
| reflector flood | An incandescent, internal-reflector lamp (flood, spot, or medium beam). the diameter is indicated in 1/8-inch units, thus an r-40 = 5 inches across the front. |
| through-the-lens meter (ttlm) | An in-the-camera meter that can, in the case of video, adjust the iris as you shoot. it performs sophisticated readings of virtually everything except your mind. see: automatic exposure. |
| translucent | - An object, material or vapor that transmits and diffuses light but not clear images. examples: frost gel and dense smoke. tip: use some rim light or back light.
- (1) pertaining to a ...
просвечивающий; полупрозрачный; прозрачная; просвечивающий; полупрозрачный; |
| flag, cutter, gobo | An opaque panel used to block light and shadow the subject, background, or camera lens. it can also hide lights in the dark recesses of a scene. which term you use depends upon the device`s size a... |
| hand-holding | An operation likely to complicate your life whether performed with a light, camera, client, or model. |
| distortion (lens) | An optical aberration of a lens. extreme example: a fish-eye lens. the term is often misused to describe the exaggerated perspective effect of any lens when used too close to a subject, resulting ... |
| director`s finder | An optical device that helps you select a lens of appropriate focal length and a frame. |
| reflected light meter (rlm) | An rlm reads light that is reflected from a scene. aim these meters at the subject or scene or a gray card from the direction of the camera. also see: spot meter and 18% assumption*. |
| take (film and video) | An uninterrupted recording of a scene, as in "take 1" or, with some commercials, "take 101." when you shoot a lot of takes the one that looks the best is always the last one, o... |
| top light | Angle: directly over the subject. tip: if you want to light eyes, not nose-tops, save this one for non-human subjects or horizontal ones. however, soft top-front light is ideal for some faces; top... |
| filter (camera) | Any light-transmitting medium that absorbs, reflects, or diffuses light when placed in front of or behind a lens. |
| filter (for a light) | Any light-transmitting medium that, when placed in front of the fixture, absorbs, reflects, or diffuses part or all of the beam. "filter" may imply glass as opposed to gel materials. als... |
| clothes light | Any off-the-face fixture used to lighten dark clothing or emphasize its texture. angle: often from the side or 3/4 back. |
| accent light | Any source from almost any direction which is used in addition to more basic lights to call attention to an object or area - not the lighting. |
| source, illuminant | Anything that produces light, whether natural, artificial, incandescent, discharge, flash, constant-source, lightning, or a firefly. |
| umbrella (for lights) | Appropriate umbrellas convert hard or broad lights into large soft sources. |
| gel, gelatin, media | As used with photographic lights, a strong, flexible, fade-resistant material that changes the color, amount, or quality of light. tip: some colors, like blue, fade fairly fast and need to be chec... |
| reflections (unwanted color) | Avoid large brightly lit areas that will reflect their color onto the subject unless the effect is desired and motivated. |
| upstage | - Away from the audience or camera.
- The back part of a stage, away from the audience.
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| black and white (b&w) | B&w film offers opportunities and challenges. foreground and background may merge in the absence of color separation. tips: use more back light or background light. view the scene with a b&... |
| b lights, the two bs | Back light and background light are frequently confused. both begin with "back," both are used to separate planes and imply depth, and both are tricky to motivate so that they appear rea... |
| back light | Back light separates subject from background, saints from sinners, and one pro from another. angle: toward the lens from above and behind the subject, or above, behind, and slightly to the side of... |
| color temperature, kelvin scale, k | Briefly: how red, blue and green the "white" light is. films are "white balanced" by choosing the correct color-temperature source (daylight, about 5,600k; tungsten, usually 3,... |
| color shift | - Color distortion or inaccuracy caused by problems with film or processing, white balance or transfer, light sources, reciprocity failure, projection, or viewing sources, and, painfully, much m...
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| color (moods and emotions) | Color plays a role in affecting viewer`s moods and appetites. tip: use a light hand. |
| creativity | - Coming up with the ultimate image, a lot of electricity, or a good cup of coffee on a late night shoot, just when all seems lost. quote: "creativity" describes a state of grace in wh...
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| scrim | - Commonly, a screen-like metal mesh used in front of a light to reduce intensity, not to diffuse it. but thanks to the mystery and magic of show biz, other devices that do diffuse are sometimes...
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| pushing, forced development, upgrading (uk) | Compensating through overdevelopment for inten-tional or unavoidable underexposure. cost: a little money and a lot of grain gain. |
| tieing-in | Connecting electrical cables directly to a live circuit box, dangerous even for an experienced, licensed electrician; illegal and suicidal for others. quote: deep down in your heart you know that ... |
| shade (exterior) | Consider all the subtleties of shade: wide-open, dappled, flat, side, kicker, and back-lit varieties. keep eyes and options open, reflectors handy. |
| foreground | - Dark foregrounds help hold the eye within the frame and increase the illusion of depth. bright foreground objects, especially out-of-focus or moving ones, can be distracting. tip: back or side...
передний план;; приоритетный; |
| silhouette | - Dark shapes and figures that are set against a light background. silhouettes have both simplicity and impact, even on small screens. tips: keep the subject dark, the background light; underexp...
силуэт; |
| light surgery | Delicate operations performed on subjects to improve faulty or out-of-fashion features using a little light, a little shadow, and a lot of finesse. |
| base light | Diffuse, overall set illumination intended to keep video electronics quiet. this characterless illumination has been going out of style thanks to improved camera performance and skillful lighting ... |
| soft light | - Diffused, bounced, indirect light; the opposite of hard light. the soft shadows and subtle highlights produced are so luscious one wonders why this light isn`t used for everything. at times it...
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| dollying vs. truck | Dolly shots move toward or away from the subject or set (lens 0 degrees to travel); trucking shots are more or less parallel to the subject`s line of movement (lens 90 degrees to travel). |
| moving lights (video/film) | Effective when justified by the action, baffling most other times. exceptions: diffused sources moving with the talent and camera, outdoors, or where background shadows are not a problem. or when ... |
| efp | - Electronic field production as distinguished from eng video shooting.
- Electronic filing partnership.
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| wrap party | End-of-the-shoot celebration to reward the crew for their past efforts and future silence regarding what really happened on location. |
| attributes of light | Every source has five main attributes that affect the quality of light emitted and the overall lighting-look: 1) hard or soft (or in between); 2) intensity (the amount of light); 3) direction (in ... |
| flashing film | Exposing film to low levels of even illumination primarily to decrease contrast; controlled fogging. |
