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Demand side management
| Глоссарий по экологии и "зеленой" энергетике |
- The planning, implementation, and monitoring of utility activities designed to encourage consumers to modify patterns of electricity usage, including the timing and level of electricity demand. it refers only to energy and loadshape modifying activities that are undertaken in response to utility-administered programs. it does not refer to energy and load-shape changes arising from the normal operation of the marketplace or from government-mandated energy efficiency standards. demand-side management (dsm) covers the complete range of load-shape objectives, including strategic conservation and load management, as well as strategic load growth. de-regulation: the process of removing or reducing regulation. it is often employed in connection with the liberalisation process for privatised industries. the term is sometimes used erroneously to describe the movement of publicly owned companies and industries in to the private sector. this can generally be more accurately referred to using the terms; privatisation, liberalisation and re-regulation.
- Conservation measures to limit or reschedule electricity use so that the size and number of generating facilities can be reduced; also used to design strategic load growth.
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Implementation, английский
- Внедрение, осуществление
- Выполнение, осуществление, реализация; ввод в действие [в эксплуатацию]; внедрение ~ of program выполнение [реализация] плана (работ) ~ of safety practices on site осуществление [обеспечение] мер техники безопасности на стройплощадке
- The undertaking of physical works to deliver the detailed design.
Monitoring, английский
- Контроль
- Контроль; контрольный; контролирующий
- The regular examination and recording of a person’s temperature, weight, blood pressure and other essential indicators
- Постоянное наблюдение; мониторинг, плановый постоянный сбор и анализ информации, направленный на выявление изменений в ситуации и состоянии здоровья населения с целью достижения поставленных задач. monitor mark indicator, syn. cold chain monitor card, vaccine cold chain monitor card
- Мониторинг. нс: деятельность, заключающаяся в контроле за ходом клинического исследования, обеспечении его проведения, сбора данных и представления результатов в соответствии с протоколом, стандартными операционными процедурами, надлежащей клинической практикой (gcp) и нормативными требованиями.
- Постоянное наблюдение; мониторинг, плановый постоянный сбор и анализ информации, направленный на выявление изменений в ситуации и состоянии здоровья населения с целью достижения поставленных задач.
- Контроль, мониторинг (непрерывное наблюдение переменной); дистанционный диспетчерский контроль; управление
- The act of periodically observing or reviewing the functioning and proficiency of a laboratory or a certification program. (nvlap) 16
- Мониторинг. в гигиене окружающей среды — повторяющееся и непрерывное наблюдение, измерение и оценка данных о состоянии здоровья населения и/или данных об окружающей среде и технических данных в соответствии с заранее установленным графиком в определенных пунктах и в определенные периоды времени с использованием сопоставимых методов измерения и сбора данных (предлагаемая дефиниция).
- Listening to an audio signal with a monitor.
- Listening in on telephone conversations between others. can be used for legal administrative purposes.
- A teacher activity of two sorts:
Activities, английский
Виды деятельности (в снс; отрасли производства товаров, реализуемых на рынке, и услуг, оказываемых в товарной форме; государственные учреждения — производители услуг; частные некоммерческие организации — производители услуг; услуги, оказываемые одними домашними хозяйствами другим, например, наем прислуги); сферы деятельности (в см.п)
Electricity, английский
- Электричество
- Energy resulting from the flow of charge particles, such as electrons or ions.
- The movement of electrons (a subatomic particle), produced by a voltage, through a conductor.
- Energy resulting from the flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions.
- The fl ow of passing charge through a conductor, driven by a difference in voltage between the ends of the conductor. electrical power is generated by work from heat in a gas or steam turbine or from wind, oceans or falling water, or produced directly from sunlight using a photovoltaic device or chemically in a fuel cell. being a current, electricity cannot be stored and requires wires and cables for its transmission (see grid). because electric current fl ows immediately, the demand for electricity must be matched by production in real time.
Undertaken, английский
Marketplace, английский
- (физический) рынок, место торговли.
- A building or open place in which produce, usually of local origin, is sold. marking gauge, butt gauge a carpenter’s tool for scribing a line parallel to an edge; consists of an adjustable faceplate (which is run along the edge) mounted on a rod containing a marking point.
- A feature that provides an area of the office live small business web site where third-party and partner solution and service providers are listed.
- An internet site that makes it easy for users to discover the software and hardware that work best for their microsoft dynamics crm use, find the newest and most popular products on the market, compare product details, and read reviews from other users.
- An internet site that makes it easy for users to discover the software and hardware that work best for their windows pc or mobile device use, find the newest and most popular products on the market, compare product details, and read reviews from other users.
- The geographic area in which business is conducted
- The geographic area in which business is conducted a physical or virtual place in which business operates. for example, the global marketplace, or the online marketplace
Government, английский
- N управление ~ and binding (theory) управление и связыва- ние (концепция )
- Generally means the constitution of our country as exercised under the legislature of king or queen, lords, and commons.
- The acts, rules, procedures, instruments of power and institutions by which the citizens of a country (or more generally the parts of a system) communicate with (->communication) and exert control upon each other so that the country as a whole maintains its unity and is directed toward ends chosen from within that country (->self-organization, ->autonomy). its opposite is laissez faire. in the reality of politics, government is rarely uniformly distributed and constituted (->constitution) instead in a ruling elite, exercising institutional control over those governed. this unequal distribution of government is particularly prevalent in technical realisations. e.g., the governor of a steam engine, computer control of a production process. in biology, such control hierachies (->hierarchy) rarely exist which suggest that they may be an outgrowth of rational constuctions not a fact of nature. qeafh
- An app category that facilitates engagement with government or politics.
Efficiency, английский
- A rating on comfort equipment, similar to the miles per gallon rating on your car. the higher the rating, the more efficient the system and the lower your fuel consumption will be.
- A comfort-equipment and fuel-efficiency rating similar to the miles-per-gallon rating for automobiles
- A general term used to describe how effectively a heat pump, air conditioning system, or furnace converts incoming energy to outgoing energy. the higher the number, the more efficient the unit, and the lower the operating costs.
- A measure of a product`s ability to utilize input energy; expressed as a percentage.
- Эффективность; кпд
- Эффективность (производства); производительность (труда), см. yield, utility, productivity
- Эффективность
- Эффективность; полезный эффект результативность в зависимости от затраченных ресурсов (времени, финансов и др.).
- Эффективность (улавливания частиц). применительно к фильтрам, пылеуловителям и брызговым скрубберам — отношение количества частиц, задерживаемых данным устройством, к поступающему в него количеству (обычно выражается в процентах) (предварительный стандарт мос, 8).
- In a loudspeaker, the ratio of acoustic power output to electrical power input.
- The degree and speed with which a market accurately incorporates information into prices.
- An economic goal of receiving the most satisfaction from a given amount of resources; it occurs when satisfaction cannot be increased through increased production of one good and less of another. see allocativeefficiency and productiveefficiency.
- Однокомнатная квартира с плитой и раковиной в жилой комнате
- The ratio of the useful energy output to energy input of a machine or other energy-converting plant.
Management, английский
- Управление; руководство
- Управление, руководство
- 1) управление, руководство 2) администрация
- 1. the organising or running of an organisation such as a hospital, clinic or health authority 2. the organisation of a series of different treatments for a person
- Управление (деятельностью программы, организации)
- Лечение. в контексте клинических исследований слово «management» («управление») может иметь значение «лечение». например, diabetes management - лечение диабета. встречающийся термин: ведение
- Управление с применением эвм, автоматизированное управление 3. computer-aided manufacturing автоматизированное производство 4. computer-aided modeling построение моделей с помощью эвм can, canv canvas холст c&btr. grade с and better (пиломатериал) сорта с и лучше cat. catalog каталог
- Управление, менеджмент ~ of building site управление [руководство] работами на стройплощадке
- The process of governing a country or administering an enterprise including the development of corporate strategy and longrange planning on the top and the regulation, coordination and control of such activities as production, accounting, marketing, personnel, research and development in the middle, the supervised operations being performed below. one key to effective management is the adequate flow of information between and within strategic, functional and operational levels so as to allow for timely and appropriate decisions to be made (->intelligence). management information systems constitute a technological solution to information flow problems. another key is the form of control exercised through spelling out objectives (e.g.->algedonic regulation) providing incentive schemes for production as well as cooperation, etc. manifest/latent functions
- The art of taking actions that affect a resource and its exploitation with a view to achieve certain objectives, such as maximizing the production of that resource (e.g., fishery regulations such as catch quotas or closed seasons). managers are those who practice management.
- The people who administer a company, create policies, and provide the support necessary to implement the owners` business objectives.
- Осторожное, бережное, чуткое отношение к людям
- Руководители банка
Objectives, английский
Desired outcomes, such as efficiency, innovation, expanded services, and social justice. in the regulatory or political context, citizens may have objectives for the regulatory or political process: such as transparency and stakeholder participation. broad economic and social objectives of citizens include freedom, equality, justice, high living standards, and technological advancement. political leaders attempt to discern (and shape) what citizens want from infrastructure sectors. social values may reflect a consensus or be deeply divisive and lead to dramatic shifts in public policy. events such as an energy crisis or a serious accident can also trigger changes in public priorities and a willingness to move from the status quo.
Conservation, английский
- Protection, improvement, and wise use of natural resources according to principles that will assure utilization of the resource to obtain the highest economic and/or social benefits (17).
- The sustainable use of forest resources in a manner that does not degrade the collective resource values of a region over the long term
- Сохранение
Regulation, английский
- A rule or order prescribed for management or government
- Регулирование
- Регулирование, правило, постановление
- Any rule prescribing permitted or forbidden conduct, whether established by legislation or the action of an administrative agency; also
- The act of regulating the regulation of the body’s temperature
- Any systematic (rule-like or determinate) behavior of one part of a system that tends to restrict the fluctuations in behavior of another part of that system. while both parts must lie in the same feedback loop, regulation involves this basic asymmetry
- The process whereby the designated government authority provides oversight and establishes rules for firms in an industry. regulation places constraints on behavior, establishes good (or bad) incentives, and addresses issues that are politically contentious. decisions are implemented through a rule or order issued by an executive authority or regulatory agency of a government and having the force of law.
- Норма
- A rule or order issued by governmental executive authorities or regulatory agencies and having the force of law. regulations implement policies and are mostly specifi c for particular groups of people, legal entities or targeted activities. regulation is also the act of designing and imposing rules or orders. informational, transactional, administrative and political constraints in practice limit the regulator’s capability for implementing preferred policies.
- The order in which trains are run in practice so as to minimise delay
Connection, английский
- Liaison
- Соединение; связь
- In steel construction, a combination of joints capable of transmitting forces between two or more members. connector 1. in an electric circuit, a device for joining two or more conductors, by a low-resistance path, without the use of a permanent splice. 2. a mechanical device for fastening together two or more pieces, members, or parts, including anchors, fasteners, or wall ties.
- Патрубок с фланцевым соединением
- A link via wire, radio, fiber-optic cable, or other medium between two or more communications devices.
- Someone with whom a user has established a mutual social relationship on a third-party service that refers to such a relationship as a connection.
Liberalisation, английский
Technically, the removal of restrictions on the movement of capital. it has come to refer to a policy of promoting liberal economics by limiting the role of government in the operation of the market economy. liberalisation can include privatisation and deregulation/re-regulation. typically it refers to the establishment of an industry structure to allow competition, for example, as is possible with electricity generation. the process includes the shifting of publicly-owned companies into the private sector, such that provision of services is subject to greater competition or, in the case of natural monopolies to greater oversight with regard to economic efficiency.
Privatisation, английский
- The process of moving state-owned assets into the private sector and one of the defining characteristics of the thatcher era. back in 1979, the conservative government began selling state assets to private hands, such as british aerospace (now bae systems), british airways, british gas (now parts of centrica and national grid transco) and british telecom (now bt). some privatisations have been particularly troublesome, notably british rail and british steel (now part of corus).
- The process of moving a body or institution from ownership in the public sector to ownership in the private sector. this can be carried out using different processes, for example, the sale of shares to the general public or the sale of the whole company to a specific bidder.
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Organism (individual), английский
Any individual living creature, either unicellular or multicellular: modular o.: one that grows by indeterminate iteration of the repeated parts or units of structure (modules), e.g. the leaves, shoots and branches of a plant, the polyps of a coral or bryozoan. modular organisms are almost always branched, though the connections between branches may separate or decay and the separated parts may in many cases then become physiologically independent, e.g. hydra spp, and duckweeds (lemma spp.) - arrangements of single units form the entire organism, and strongly depends upon abiotic factors, resulting in a final unpredictable shape. unitary o.: those that proceed by a determinate pathway of development of a tightly canalized adult form. e.g. all arthropods and vertebrates. poikilo- / homeothermic o.: (see thermic).
Msy, английский
- (maximum sustainable yield): this is the highest harvesting rate that the population can match with its own recruitment, and as the name implies, it is the largest harvest that can be removed from the population on a regular and repeated (indefinite) basis. it is equal to the maximum rate of recruitment, and it is obtained from the population by depressing it to the density at which the recruitment rate curve peaks (always below k) - population which exhibit s-shaped growth, ideal msy can be obtained where the rate of growth is fastest, i.e. graph has the highest growth rate over time, allowing more harvests within the same period of time. detecting msy is hard to find since the exact number of individuals of a population present, size, age, and different growth rate, survival and reproduction cycles alter slightly as it happened with the blue-whale population. msy-fixed quota: it doesn’t reflect fluctuations in population size; can lead to the extinction, especially if fixed quota is higher than the recruitment rate; in such cases it is better to alter the mesh sizes in fishing nets for example....
- Maximum sustainable yield
- Максимальная устойчивая доходность
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