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Saturation energy
| Glossary Of Laser Terminology |
A measure of the incident optical pulse energy required for achieving significant saturation of an absorber or a gain medium
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Energy, английский
- The product of power (watts) and duration (seconds). one watt-second = one joule.
- The capacity to do work; the amount of work that a system is capable of doing.
- The force or strength to carry out activities you need to eat certain types of food to give you energy.
- Энергия
- Энергия; запас энергии
- Энергия о ~ per unit of volume удельная энергия (на единицу объёма)
- The capability of doing work; different forms of energy can be converted to other forms, but the total amount of energy remains the same.
- The power to perform chemical, mechanical, electrical or heat related tasks (see food chain). e. flow in ecosystems: the higher the trophic level, the less energy is available to the predator. e. pyramid: energy relationship among various feeding levels involved in a particular food chain; autotrophs (at the base) represent the greatest amount of available energy; herbivores are next; then primary carnivores; secondary carnivores; and so forth; similar pyramids of mass, size, and number also occur in natural communities (see biomass).
- Power consumed multiplied by the duration of use. for example, 500 watts used for four hours is 2000 watt-hours. also commonly expressed as kilowatt-hours, where one kilowatt-hour is 1000 watt-hours.
- The equivalent of, or the capacity to perform, mechanical work, the difference between two states of thermodynamic entropy before and after work has been performed. energy is measured either as the product of force and distance (e.g., in lifting a weight a certain height) or as the product of power and time (e.g., in getting an object to move with a certain speed). energy may be stored in a material structure as in a water resevoire or a barrel of oil or in a kinetic form as in the momentum of a wheel or of a bullet in motion. electrical energy is measured in kilowatt/hours (kw/h), heat energy in calories or in british thermal units (btu), mechanical energy in horsepowers, light in joules, explosives in tons of tnt, etc. different forms of energy are inter-convertable due to the first law of thermodynamics which makes energy the most important construct of physics. all physical processes including computation and communication are known to require energy (->thermodynamics).
- The ability (capacity) to do work. energy is measured in joules (j), calories or british thermal units (btu).
- The capability of doing work; different forms of energy can be converted into other
- The amount of work or heat delivered. energy is classifi ed in a variety of types and becomes available to human ends when it fl ows from one place to another or is converted from one type into another. daily, the sun supplies large fl ows of radiation energy. part of that energy is used directly, while part undergoes several conversions creating water evaporation, winds, etc. some share is stored in biomass or rivers that can be harvested. some share is directly usable such as daylight, ventilation or ambient heat. primary energy (also referred to as energy sources) is the energy embodied in natural resources (e.g., coal, crude oil, natural gas, uranium, and renewable sources). it is defi ned in several alternative ways. the international energy agency utilizes the physical energy content method, which defi nes primary energy as energy that has not undergone any anthropogenic conversion. the method used in this report is the direct equivalent method (see annex ii), which counts one unit of secondary energy provided from non-combustible sources as one unit of primary energy, but treats combustion energy as the energy potential contained in fuels prior to treatment or combustion. primary energy is transformed into secondary energy by cleaning (natural gas), refi ning (crude oil to oil products) or by conversion into electricity or heat. when the secondary energy is delivered at the end-use facilities it is called fi nal energy (e.g., electricity at the wall outlet), where it becomes usable energy in supplying services (e.g., light). embodied energy is the energy used to produce a material substance (such as processed metals or building materials), taking into account energy used at the manufacturing facility (zero order), energy used in producing the materials that are used in the manufacturing facility (fi rst order), and so on. renewable energy (re) is any form of energy from solar, geophysical or biological sources that is replenished by natural processes at a rate that equals or exceeds its rate of use. renewable energy is obtained from the continuing or repetitive fl ows of energy occurring in the natural environment and includes low-carbon technologies such as solar energy, hydropower, wind, tide and waves and ocean thermal energy, as well as renewable fuels such as biomass. for a more detailed description see specifi c renewable energy types in this glossary, for example, biomass, solar, hydropower, ocean, geothermal and wind.
Energy (grade) -, английский
Напорная линия, линия энергии
Energy (q), английский
The capacity for doing work. energy is commonly used to express the output from pulsed lasers and it is generally measured in joules (j). the product of power (watts) and duration (seconds). one watt-second = one joule.
Energy -, английский
Потребность в энергии; энергоёмкость технологического процесса
Energy absorber, английский
Device for absorbing energy. the term is mainly used for a device that absorbs the energy of impact, as for example an energy absorbing steering column.
Energy absorbing steering column, английский
A steering column designed to progressively collapse on impact of the driver
Energy absorption, английский
- Работа разрушения (образца шарпи с v-образным надрезом)
- The energy required to break or elongate a fiber to a certain point. energy-to-break: the total energy required to rupture a yarn or cord.
Energy access, английский
People are provided the ability to benefi t from affordable, clean and reliable energy services for basic human needs (cooking and heating, lighting, communication, mobility) and productive uses.
Energy audit, английский
- A survey that shows how much energy used in a home, which helps find ways to use less energy.
- Систематический контроль за расходованием энергии
- A survey that shows how much energy used in a home and helps identify
Energy balance, английский
- Энергетический [топливно-энергетический] баланс, энергобаланс, тэб. структура производства или потребления энергии, представленная в долях, приходящихся на каждый производимый или потребляемый энергоноситель
- Топливно-энергетический баланс см. также energy budget
Energy band, английский
Energy beam, английский
Energy budget, английский
Energy carrier, английский
- Энергоноситель (преобразованный вид энергии, напр., электроэнергия, нефтепродукты)
- A substance for delivering mechanical work or transfer of heat. examples of energy carriers include: solid, liquid or gaseous fuels (e.g., biomass, coal, oil, natural gas, hydrogen); pressurized/heated/ cooled fl uids (air, water, steam); and electric current.
Energy cascading, английский
Утилизация энергии (путем утилизации отходов тепла и др. видов энергии одной энергоустановки в следующей энергоустановке)
Energy charge, английский
The portion of a utility bill that reflects electric energy consumed or billed.
Energy charter treaty (ect), английский
Договор к энергетической хартии (дэх) подписан в 1994 г
Energy chips, английский
Whole-tree chips used for energy (4).
Energy conservation, английский
- Using less energy, either by greater energy efficiency or by decreasing the types of applications requiring electricity or natural gas to operate.
- Using less energy (kwh) irrespective of whether the benefits increase, decrease or stay the same. energy conservation is thus the goal if environmental targets are to be met.
- Activities associated with reductions in energy consumption, including investments in energy efficient appliances and equipment.
- Энергосбережение
Energy consumption, английский
Потребление энергии. суммарное потребление всех видов энергии; обычно выражается в тоннах условного топлива, нефтяного или угольного эквивалента, джоулях
Energy consumption by function served, английский
Энергопотребление по направлениям использования (напр., для производства тепла низкого потенциала, на нужды транспорта и т.п.)
Significant, английский
- Значительный
- A значимый (о суффиксе и т.п. ) (ант. non-significant) | n означающее, сигнификант
Saturation, английский
- The condition when the partial pressure of water vapour in the atmosphere is at its maximum level for the existing temperature and pressure. for example, at saturation an equilibrium exists between water vapour and liquid water and there is no net evaporation or condensation.
- The attribute of color perception that expresses the amount of departure from the neutral gray of the same lightness. also referred to as chroma.
- Насыщенность
- Насыщенность (цвета). показатель, описывающий силу цвета и его уровень серого. мера чистоты цвета, определяющая количество содержащегося в нем серого. чем выше содержание серого, тем ниже насыщенность цвета
- In color, the degree to which a color is diluted with white light or is pure. the vividness of a color, described by such terms as bright, deep, pastel, pale, etc. saturation is directly related to the amplitude of the chrominance signal.
- Насыщение
- The degree to which a color is undiluted by white light. if a color is 100 percent saturated, it contains no white light. if a color has no saturation, it is a shade of gray.
- The degree of intensity of a hue. also, the result of hanging a hot light under an automatic sprinkler head.
- Saturation is the depth of the colors within a photographic image. photographs with deep levels of color are described as being heavily saturated. a photograph with lighter levels of saturation is described as having a muted color palette. a totally desaturated color photograph becomes monotone—or black and white.
- 1) in a communications system, the condition in which a component of the system has reached its maximum traffic handling capacity. 2) the point at which the output of a linear device, such as a linear amplifier, deviates significantly from being a linear function of the input when the input signal is increased. 3) the degree of the chroma or purity of a color.
- In color, a vividness, or intensity. some films have more inherent color saturation than others. saturation can be slightly increased by moderate film pushes, or by slight underexposure of certain slide films. saturation can be increased in color negative film by moderate overexposure.
- The degree to which a colour is undiluted by white light. if a colour is 100 percent saturated, it contains no white light. if a colour has no saturation, it is a shade of grey.
- A most important aspect in producing high quality leathers. full saturation of tanning, fat liquors and dyes are essential in the production of fine leathers. self-covered seat deck: in upholstered furniture, using cover fabric to cover area under loose cushions. also called self-covered deck. selvage: tightly woven edges that prevent fabric from fraying on the roll. the selvage must be cut away for many fabrics to drape smoothly. serpentine form: profile made up of convex curve flanked by two concave curves.
- N насыщение; запол- нение актантных позиций saussurean a соссюрианский
- Насыщение-отбора проб. обычно, особенно в сша, так называется прибор, в котором имеются таймер (регулятор выдержки времени), коллектор и 6 или более клапанов с проходным отверстием для подачи воздуха в различные устройства для забора проб через заданные интервалы времени. этот термин относится также к автоматическому устройству для ежечасных: замеров концентрации дыма. воздух пропускается при постоянной скорости через бумажный фильтр, на котором после этого остается темное пятно дымовых частиц. фильтровальная бумага (в виде свернутой в трубочку полоски шириной: 20—30 мм) проходит через зажим фильтра, закрепленный пружинами для обеспечения герметичности. в конце каждого-часа зажим открывается и полоска бумаги продвигается вперед на 40—50 мм, после чего зажим опять защелкивается. в результате на бумаге образуется ряд пятен, каждый час-по одному пятну. термин «последовательный пробоотборник» иногда применяется также для обозначения полуавтоматического прибора (см. semi-automatic apparatus).
- Overload of a magnetic tape. the saturation point is the point at which an increase in magnetizing force does not cause a corresponding increase in magnetization of the tape oxide particles.
- In color management, the purity of a color’s hue, moving from gray to the pure color. save (v)
- 1. the maximum intensity or purity of a color. if the color is as brilliant as possible, it is at saturation; if the color is subdued or grayed, it is dull, weak, and low in intensity. 2. the upper limit concentration of a solute in a solvent, i.e., no more solute can be dissolved at a fixed temperature and pressure.
- The intensity or purity of a hue; the color of the greatest purity are those in the spectrum. words used to describe saturation are vivid, dull, brilliant, dark, deep, light, medium, pale, and weak.
- Condition in which high amplitude signals on a display screen do not increase with increased gain and appear flattened.
- Relative or comparative color characteristic resulting from a hue’s dilution with white light.
- (1) in nondestructive testing, signal amplitude at or above sensor’s maximum capability. (2) relative or comparative color characteristic resulting from a hue’s dilution with white light.
- Magnetic saturation.
- Condition in which high amplitude signals on a display screen do not increase with increased gain and appear flattened.7
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B integral, английский
A measure of the nonlinear phase shift of light, e.g. in an amplifier
Saturation power, английский
A measure of the incident optical power required for achieving significant saturation of an absorber or a gain medium
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