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Conditional distribution
| Глоссарий по искусственному интеллекту |
When you start with a given multivariate distribution and then constrain the variables or attributes to a subset of the possible states, the resulting (renormalized) probability distribution is conditional with respect to the original multivariate distribution. for example, table c. 1 shows an original multivariate distribution on age and sex and two sex-specific conditional distributions (of the 31 possible conditionals that can be derived from this distribution). table c. 1–conditional distributions
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Conditional, английский
- Условный
- A условный | n 1 усло- вие2; 2 грм. а) условное наклонение (син. ~ mood), б) условная связь (син. ~ conjunction); 3 лог. условное высказывание mood, sentence
- In probabilistic expert systems, a collection of conditional distributions for the same group of variables (referred to as the head) over all of the states of a conditioning set of variables (referred to as the tail). the conditional distribution of height and weight for various mutually exclusive groupings of age and sex would be a conditional, with height and weight as the head variables and age and sex the tail variables. see also: slice.
- A control structure such as an if-statement or case-statement that conditionally executes a block of code
Conditional (adj), английский
Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of an action or operation that takes place based on whether or not a certain condition is true.
Conditional (parameter), английский
Conditional addition, английский
Условное сложение
Conditional assembly, английский
Условная компоновка программы; условное ассемблирование conditional assembly expressionвыражение условного ассемблирования
Conditional assembly instruction, английский
Команда условного ассемблирования
Conditional association, английский
Условная ассоциация
Conditional behavior, английский
Обусловленное поведение
Conditional block, английский
Условный блок
Conditional branch, английский
- Условное ветвление; условный переход
- An element of workflow logic that defines an alternative condition and action or additional steps, in cases when the criteria in a condition element are not met. a logical ‘else-if-then’ statement in a workflow.
Conditional branch instruction, английский
Команда условного ветвления; команда условного перехода
Conditional branching, английский
Ветвление по условию
Conditional breakpoint, английский
Условный останов; условная точка останова; точка останова по условию; команда условного останова
Conditional breakpoint instruction, английский
Команда условного останова
Conditional c component, английский
Conditional call, английский
Applies mainly to convertible securities. circumstances under which a company can effect an earlier call, usually stated as percentage of a stock`s trading price during a particular period, such as 140% of the exercise price during a 40-day trading span.
Conditional call options, английский
A protective guarantee that, in the event a high yield bond is called, the issuing corporation will replace the bond with a noncallable bond of the same life and terms as the bond that is being called.
Conditional clause, английский
Условное предложение
Conditional color, английский
Условный цвет
Conditional comment, английский
Условный комментарий
Conditional commitment, английский
Multivariate, английский
Многомерный
Distribution, английский
- Распределение. размещение.
- Распределение - рыночный процесс, при котором крупные рыночные трейдеры в основном продают бумаги мелким трейдерам;
- The distribution of a set of numerical data is how their values are distributed over the real numbers. it is completely characterized by the empirical distribution function. similarly, the probability distribution of a random variable is completely characterized by its probability distribution function. sometimes the word "distribution" is used as a synonym for the empirical distribution function or the probability distribution function. if two or more random variables are defined for the same experiment, they have a joint probability distribution.
- Refers to the spread and shape of a frequency curve of some variable. a histogram is one way to graphically display the distribution of test results by showing the frequency of observations on the y-axis versus the magnitude on the x-axis. the normal or gaussian curve is one form of a distribution.
- Распределение
- Торговля; сфера обращения; распределение
- A way to limit where your usenet postings go. handy for such things as for sale messages or discussions of regional politics.
- The movement of freshly mixed concrete toward the point of placement, either by motorized tools or by hand. distribution-bar reinforcement, distribution
- N дистрибуция complementary ~ дополнительная дистрибу- ция, отношение дополнительности5 contrastive ~ контрастная, контрастирущая дистрибуция non-contrastive ~ неконтрастная, неконтра- стирущая дистрибуция distribution(al)
- Распределение dna (deoxyribonucleic acid)
- Распределение. 1. распределение данных. данные могут иметь определенную форму (вид) распределения, которая зависит от их характеристик. например, рост имеет нормальное распределение (см. normal distribution), а результаты метания игральных костей следуют равномерному (случайному) распределению. 2. распределение (распространение) вещества и его метаболитов в организме после применения препарата. обычно описывается с помощью объема распределения (см. volume of distribution) и свободной фракции.
- Diamond pattern
- A payout of cash or property from a corporation to a shareholder.
- Распределение; размещение; распространение; разводка (труб) ~ of bending stresses over the cross
- Распределение. ранжирование значений переменной от наименьшего до наибольшего и результирующая совокупность характеристик или показателей, выстроенных в виде графика [20]. плотность распределения, например, показывает возможные значения параметра в зависимости от числа появлений каждого значения в выборке или совокупности. во многих случаях это характеризует разброс единич-ных значений выборки или совокупности вокруг среднего значения.
- The delivery of electricity to the retail customer’s home or business through low voltage distribution lines.
- The spatial range of a species, usually on a geographic but sometimes on a smaller scale, or the arrangement or spatial pattern of a species over its habitat. • food resources will lead to this distribution. d. over space: • altitude: species diversity less abundant in higher than lower altitudes. • latitude: ecosystems are more complex in equatorial regions than in higher latitudes (poles) • scale: the greater the sample the better interpretability. • spatial: • aggregated or clump d.: individuals form one or more clumps, attracted to areas with the greatest availability of food or shelter and avoiding less hospitable terrain. • random d.: individual spacing would be determined by chance. • regular or uniform spacing d.: individuals may also be drawn together by some social interaction, such as mating or parental care. in other cases, antagonistic interactions between individuals or scarce d. over time: • habitat: (see there). • succession (see there).
- The transport of low voltage electricity. this connects the transmission network with the majority of electricity consumers. the process is overseen by a distribution network operator. management of distribution is a natural monopoly due to the economies of scale inherent to it. reeep / sustainable energy regulation network – august 2004 - revised september 2010 4
- The set of values of a variable together with the probabilities (->probability) associated with each. a tabulation of the frequencies of tokens by types.
- The process of managing the flow of goods and services from the producer to the customer.
- Распределение. ранжирование значений переменной от наименьшего до наибольшего и результирующая совокупность характеристик или показателей, выстроенных в виде графика [20]. плотность распределения, например, показывает возможные значения параметра в зависимости от числа появлений каждого значения в выборке или совокупности. во многих случаях это характеризует разброс единичных значений выборки или совокупности вокруг среднего значения.
- The act or process of delivering electric energy from convenient points on the transmission system (usually a substation) to consumers.
- Выплата дивидендов
Probability, английский
- Probability can be generally defined as a measure of how likely some event will occur. the event could be an explosion, a lottery win or perhaps cancer induction. mathematically speaking, the value of probability varies between 0 and 1 where 0 means an ev
- Вероятность. возможность.
- The probability of an event is a number between zero and 100%. the meaning (interpretation) of probability is the subject of theories of probability, which differ in their interpretations. however, any rule for assigning probabilities to events has to satisfy the axioms of probability.
- Вероятность
- Вероятность probability sample, syn. random sample
- Вероятность. мера случайности появления конкретного события. например, вероятность случайного выбора из популяции человека с конкретным качеством соответствует доле людей в популяции, обладающих этим качеством.
- Вероятность; возможность
- Вероятность; обеспеченность (гидрологической величины) ~ of no-failure вероятность безотказной работы
- Probability is a method for representing uncertainty about propositions or events. it represents the uncertainty about a proposition on a scale from 0 to 1, with a 0 representing complete certainty that the proposition is false or an event will not occur and a value of one will represent the opposite. formally, a probability measure is one that follows kolmogorov`s axioms. there are two main schools of thought on the meaning of probability. frequentists take a narrow interpretation of probability allowing only hypothetically repeatable events or experiments as being quantifiable by probability, while bayesians take a broader interpretation that allows reasoning about "one-shot" events and propositions based on the current knowledge about nature. the bayesian interpretation is most commonly used in artificial intelligence, while the frequentist interpretation is most commonly taught in statistics courses. the label "bayesian" arises from the central role that the bayes theorem plays in this use of probability. it allows one to reason from effects to causes and encourages the use of probability measures to describe supposedly fixed events or propositions which frequentists disallow. the probability for these events reflects one`s state of knowledge about the event, rather than being an assertion that the unknown event can vary. for example, a bayesian would have no qualms about making statements about the probability that a given die, rolled and hidden from his sight is, for example, a six. a frequentist would be unable to make such a statement, preferring to talk about his confidence in the method when applied to a hypothetically large number of repeated experiments. in the end, they would act in similar ways. when the long run data are available, bayesians and frequentists end up with the same estimates. see also: bayes theorem, kolmogorov`s axioms.
- Вероятность. математическое измерение возможности появления неко-его события, выраженное в виде дроби или процента [30]. значения статистической вероятности лежат в пределах от 1 или 100 процентов (всегда) до 0 или 0 процентов (никогда) [20]. наибольшее приближение к истинной вероятности дает относитель-ная частота события, полученная на основе большой серии измерений или результа-тов [33]. вероятность может быть также определена как выражение в некоторой неопределимой форме "степени уверенности" или как предельная частота события в бесконечной случайной последовательности [49].
- The likelihood of something happening. for example, sale being made.
- Вероятность. математическое измерение возможности появления некоего события, выраженное в виде дроби или процента [30]. значения статистической вероятности лежат в пределах от 1 или 100 процентов (всегда) до 0 или 0 процентов (никогда) [20]. наибольшее приближение к истинной вероятности дает относительная частота события, полученная на основе большой серии измерений или результатов [33]. вероятность может быть также определена как выражение в некоторой неопределимой форме "степени уверенности" или как предельная частота события в бесконечной случайной последовательности [49].
- The relative likelihood of a particular outcome among all possible outcomes.
- Likelihood that an event may occur, expressed as a number between 0 and 1.
Distributions, английский
- Cash or other assets paid from the vehicle to its investors as a share of income or gains from operations or a return of capital.
- Payments from fund or corporate cash flow. may include dividends from earnings, capital gains from sale of portfolio holdings and return of capital. fund distributions can be made by check or by investing in additional shares. funds are required to distribute realized capital gains (if any) to shareholders at least once per year if they are not to be taxed by the fund itself. some corporations offer dividend reinvestment plans (drp).
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Validation set, английский
When training neural network, classification and regression trees (cart) and other models, a portion of the data is often held out and used to select some of the overall parameters of the model, such as the number of layers in an artificial neural network (ann) and the depth of the tree in a cart model. these data are often referred to as the validation set or the design set, where the chosen model is fitted using the training set. see also: test set, training set.
Wise wire, английский
Wise wire is a commercial development of the machine-learning technology demonstrated in the news weeder software. this latter software was able to predict a readers interest in various news articles. the wise wire corporation was founded to extend and exploit this technology, offering tools to automatically screen and sort articles for their interest in various categories. wng re-ranking see: word n-gram re-ranking. word error rate (wer) a commonly used performance measure in speech recognition, the word error rate (wer) is the ratio of the number of incorrectly recognized or unrecognized words to the total number of actually spoken words. word n-gram (wng) re-ranking word n-gram (wng) re-ranking is a re-ranking technique that chooses the set of candidate words that has the highest pairwise succession probability. given a set of candidates for word1, word2 and word3, a wng model would choose the triple that maximized p(word1)p(word2|word1)p(word3|word2). see also: n-gram.
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