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Per hatch per day
| Глоссарий сокращений морских терминов (английский) |
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Phpd, английский
Per hatch per day
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Plimsoll mark, английский
- An internationally recognised line painted on the side of merchant ships. when a ship is loaded, the water level is not supposed to go above the line. water can reach different parts of the line as its temperature and saltiness varies with the season and location. from where plimsoll shipping derived its name.
- A series of horizontal lines, corresponding to the seasons of the year in fresh or saltwater, painted on the outside of a ship marking the level which must remain above the surface of the water for the vessel`s stability.
- Грузовая марка на суднах
- Until the late nineteenth century, the dangerous overloading of merchantmen was common. one of the first attempts to introduce loading marks for safety was made in 1835 by lloyd’s register, but shipowners violently opposed all attempts at regulation, and it was not until 1876 that parliamentarian samuel plimsoll was able to push through a bill requiring all british vessels to be painted with a load line to indicate maximum safe laden draft. in recognition of his long fight and many legal battles, this is known as the “plimsoll mark” or “line.” initially, it was left to each owner to determine where the mark should be, and some were so disdainful that they placed it on the vessel’s superstructure, sometimes even as high as the funnel. finally, in 1890, stricter regulations were introduced, making it mandatory to have markings located amidships at the officially approved level on each side. the original and basic mark is a circle crossed by a horizontal line indicating the water level at maximum permitted load. however, because water density varies with climate and salinity, subsequent regulations have resulted in a “ladder” of load lines painted beside the plimsoll mark to indicate the safe amount of freeboard under each set of conditions.
Phpd, английский
Per hatch per day
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