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Governance
| Финансовый глоссарий |
- Управление, правление
- Rules, processes and behavior that affect the way decision -making authority (power) is exercised, particularly regarding openness, participation,accountability, effectiveness and coherence.
- Governance is a comprehensive and inclusive concept of the full range of means for deciding, managing and implementing policies and measures. whereas government is defi ned strictly in terms of the nation-state, the more inclusive concept of governance, recognizes the contributions of various levels of government (global, international, regional, local) and the contributing roles of the private sector, of nongovernmental actors and of civil society to addressing the many types of issues facing the global community. greenhouse gases (ghgs): greenhouse gases are those gaseous constituents of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, that absorb and emit radiation at specifi c wavelengths within the spectrum of thermal infrared radiation emitted by the earth’s surface, the atmosphere and clouds. this property causes the greenhouse effect. water vapour (ho), carbon dioxide (co ), nitrous oxide (no), methane (ch ) and ozone (o) are the primary greenhouse gases in the earth’s atmosphere. moreover, there are a number of entirely human-made greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as the halocarbons and other chlorine- and bromine-containing substances, dealt with under the montreal protocol. besides co , no and ch , the kyoto protocol deals with the greenhouse gases sulphur hexafl uoride (sf ), hydrofl uorocarbons (hfcs) and perfl uorocarbons (pfcs). grid (electric grid, electricity grid, power grid): a network consisting of wires, switches and transformers to transmit electricity from power sources to power users. a large network is layered from low-voltage (- v) distribution, over intermediate voltage (- kv) to high-voltage (above kv to mv) transport subsystems. interconnected grids cover large areas up to continents. the grid is a power exchange platform enhancing supply reliability and economies of scale. grid connection for a power producer is mostly crucial for economical operation. grid codes are technical conditions for equipment and operation that a power producer must obey for getting supply access to the grid; also consumer connections must respect technical rules. grid access refers to the acceptance of power producers to deliver to the grid. grid integration accommodates power production from a portfolio of diverse and some variable generation sources in a balanced power system. see also transmission and distribution. gross domestic product (gdp): the sum of gross value added, at purchasers’ prices, by all resident and non-resident producers in the economy, plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products in a country or a geographic region for a given period, normally one year. it is calculated without deducting for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources.
- System of rules to regulate behavior
- System of rules to regulate behavior system of rules and processes an organization creates in order to comply with local and international laws, accounting rules, ethical norms, and environmental and social codes of conduct
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Управление (правление), русский
Управление, русский
- Объекты, которые являются ограничителями процесса. они определяют, каким образом, когда и при каких условиях происходит преобразование входа. эти объекты не изменяются в результате выполнения процесса. в качестве управления может служить документ «о принципах формирования комплексной программы», который определяет правила создания комплексной программы в процессе, формирующем комплексную программу. на диаграммах управление показывается в виде стрелки, входящей в процесс сверху.
- Управление , господство
- 1. руководство, направление чей-либо деятельности; 2. процесс планирования, организации, мотивации и контроля, необходимый для того, чтобы сформулировать и достичь целей организации.
- , вид подчинительной синтаксической связи, при которой главенствующий компонент словосочетания требует постановки зависимого компонента в определенной грамматической форме, причем форма главенствующего слова не вызывает изменения формы управляемого слова (напр., глагол "желать" управляет винительным и дательным падежами: "желать счастья молодым").
- , элемент, функция организованных систем различной природы (биологических, социальных, технических), обеспечивающая сохранение их определенной структуры, поддержание режима деятельности, реализацию их программ.
- Упорядочивающее воздействие одной системы на другую, направленное на поддержание и улучшение функционирования объекта управления
- Деятельность по достижению поставленной цели.
- Поведение, правила и процессы, влияющие на подходы к реализации принятых решений, в частности открытости, участия, подотчетности, эффективности и согласованности.
- Сознательное целенаправленное воздействие со стороны субъектов, органов управления на объекты, осуществляемое с целью направить их действия и получить желаемые результаты.
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Particularly, английский
Participation, английский
- The amount of loan or bond issue taken directly from another direct lender or underwriter.
- Доля (в кредите)
Accountability, английский
- Ответственность. подотчетность. учет. отчетность.
- N объяснительность sequential ~ секвенциальная объяснительность total ~ полная объяснительность
- Подотчетность. обязанность подчиненного отвечать за выполняе-мую работу и отчитываться за нее перед руководством [6].
- Подотчетность. обязанность подчиненного отвечать за выполняемую работу и отчитываться за нее перед руководством [6].
- System of procedures that leads to clear assignments of responsibility and clear documentation when obligations are met.
- Подотчетность
- The concept that individuals and institutions are held responsible for performing their activities properly and realising their answerability of the outcomes to all stakeholders.
- Responsibility
- Responsibility an obligation to accept responsibility for one’s actions
- The coach trusts the coachee and holds them accountable for progress in their thinking, learning or actions in relation to their agenda and goals, through structures and measures co-designed and agreed from the start, and without blame or judgment. the coach assists coachees in creating accountability structures for themselves with the mindset of “we are each responsible for our own development.” questions to set up accountability include
- The responsibility of individuals to take ownership of their actions and decisions during the coaching or mentoring process.
Effectiveness, английский
- Действенность
- Результативность, эффективность
- Эффективность; действенность
- Вступление в силу
Comprehensive, английский
- Полный; исчерпывающий
- Разг. экзамены по всему материалу, пройденному на последнем курсе
Government, английский
- N управление ~ and binding (theory) управление и связыва- ние (концепция )
- Generally means the constitution of our country as exercised under the legislature of king or queen, lords, and commons.
- The acts, rules, procedures, instruments of power and institutions by which the citizens of a country (or more generally the parts of a system) communicate with (->communication) and exert control upon each other so that the country as a whole maintains its unity and is directed toward ends chosen from within that country (->self-organization, ->autonomy). its opposite is laissez faire. in the reality of politics, government is rarely uniformly distributed and constituted (->constitution) instead in a ruling elite, exercising institutional control over those governed. this unequal distribution of government is particularly prevalent in technical realisations. e.g., the governor of a steam engine, computer control of a production process. in biology, such control hierachies (->hierarchy) rarely exist which suggest that they may be an outgrowth of rational constuctions not a fact of nature. qeafh
- An app category that facilitates engagement with government or politics.
International, английский
- Международный
- A интернацио- нальный; pseudo~ псевдоинтернациональный alphabet, language
- Профсоюз, имеющий первичные организации более чем в одной стране int – ist
Addressing, английский
The process of assigning or referring to an address. in programming, the address is typically a value specifying a memory location.
Greenhouse, английский
Оранжерея, теплица
Atmosphere, английский
- The envelope of gases that surround a planet`s surface held by the planet`s gravity. over the earth, the atmosphere is divided into several layers based on their properties. the most common layer designations are
- Атмосфера
- The ambient air, or thin elastic fluid which surrounds the globe, and gradually diminishing in gravity rises to an unknown height, yet by gravitation partakes of all its motions.
- [1] the envelope of air surrounding the globe. [2] a unit of pressure equal to 76 centimeters (29.9 inches) of mercury, or 1033.2 grams/sq. centimeter (2116.3 pounds/sq. foot). (cf. hydrosphere, lithosphere.)
- Атмосфера; воздух
- Атмосфера. газовая оболочка, окружающая землю (вмо). см. также air— атмосферный воздух.
Anthropogenic, английский
Related to or resulting from the infl uence of human beings on nature. anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, greenhouse gas precursors and aerosols result from burning fossil fuels, deforestation, land use changes, livestock, fertilization, industrial, commercial and other activities that result in a net increase in emissions. availability (of a production plant): the percentage of time a plant is ready to produce, measured as uptime to total time (total time = uptime + downtime due to maintenance and outages). balancing power/reserves: due to instantaneous and short-term fl uctuations in electric loads and uncertain availability of power plants there is a constant need for spinning and quick-start generators that balance demand and supply at the imposed quality levels for frequency and voltage.
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Отсрочка первого платежа,, русский
Управление (правление), русский
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