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Regulatoryobjectives
| Глоссарий терминов коммунальных услуг |
Regulatory commissions have goals-usually identified in the enabling legislation. broad objectives include fairness, reasonable prices, network expansion, and service reliability. specific goals might include: constraining market power (where prices are “too high”), avoiding prices that are “too low,” providing suppliers with the opportunity to obtain adequate returns on investment (meeting the capital attraction standard), promoting cost containment (production efficiency), creating incentives for optimal quality, and encouraging entry where efficient.
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Задачи регулирования, русский
У регулирующего органа есть задачи, которые обычно определены действующим законодательством. задачи в широком смысле включают справедливость, разумные цены, развитие сетей и надежность услуг. задачи в узком смысле могут включать в себя: ограничение рыночной власти (когда цены слишком высоки), уклонение от слишком низких цен, обеспечение поставщиков услуг возможностью получить приемлемую доходность на инвестиции (соблюдение стандарта привлечения капитала), развитие политики сдерживания затрат (производственная эффективность), создание стимулов для достижения оптимального качества и поощрения эффективного входа на рынок.
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Commissions, английский
Комиссионное вознаграждение
Identified, английский
Legislation, английский
- Law enacted by a legislative body.
- Собир. законопроекты, находящиеся на рассмот-рении законодательного органа
Objectives, английский
Desired outcomes, such as efficiency, innovation, expanded services, and social justice. in the regulatory or political context, citizens may have objectives for the regulatory or political process: such as transparency and stakeholder participation. broad economic and social objectives of citizens include freedom, equality, justice, high living standards, and technological advancement. political leaders attempt to discern (and shape) what citizens want from infrastructure sectors. social values may reflect a consensus or be deeply divisive and lead to dramatic shifts in public policy. events such as an energy crisis or a serious accident can also trigger changes in public priorities and a willingness to move from the status quo.
Reasonable, английский
Razonable
Reliability, английский
- Надежность
- Engineering, analysis and planning планирование и технический анализ надежности
- Достоверность
- Достоверность; надежность
- Надёжность, безотказность (в эксплуатации)
- Надежность. степень, с которой эксперимент, испытание или методика измерений дают точные результаты в повторяющихся испытаниях [36].
- Electric system reliability has two components
- Generally, invulnerability to potentially corrupting influences. specifically
- The likelihood of a computer system or device continuing to function over a given period of time and under specified conditions.
- Reliability has two components: adequacy and security. the former involves ensuring that supply is available to meet demand at dispersed points of consumption. in network industries, storage can be costly-requiring adequate capacity to transportservices (electricity or telecommunications signals) to final consumers. security is characterized by the system’s ability to withstand sudden, unanticipated disturbances, as when a transmission line suddenly becomes unavailable or particular links or production nodes are disrupted.
- In general: reliability is the degree of performance according to imposed standards or expectations. electrical reliability is the absence of unplanned interruptions of the current by, for example, shortage of supply capacity or by failures in parts of the grid. reliability differs from security and from fl uctuations in power quality due to impulses or harmonics. renewable energy – see energy
- "the ability of an item to perform a required function under given conditions for a given time interval.
- A measure of how trustworthy a test is.
- Being dependable or consistent
- Being dependable or consistent having the same results after many tests
Constraining, английский
Фиксация; ограничение constrain matrixматрица условий
Opportunity, английский
A potential revenue-generating event, or sale to an account, that needs to be tracked through a sales process to completion.
Investment, английский
- Инвестиции; капитальные вложения, см. capital investment
- Инвестиция
- The first process of a siege, in taking measures to seize all the avenues, blocking up the garrison, and preventing relief getting into the place before the arrival of the main army with the siege-train.
- Финансирование; капиталовложение; вклад; инвестиция
- The purchase of stocks, bonds, mutual fund shares, real property, an annuity, collectibles, or other assets, with the expectation of obtaining income or capital gains-or both-in the future.
- A discrete asset or group of assets held for future income, appreciation, or both and tracked separately.
- The creation of more money through the use of capital.
- An item of value purchased for income or capital appreciation. capital investments include equipment, pipes and other fixed assets. financial investments include stocks, bonds, and other securities.
Attraction, английский
- Initially named a circus act having striking effect on the audience thanks to mechanisms. (for example, cyclist running over high walls of a large "basket" without a bottom; a great number of automotive shows, etc). nowadays this is a long separ
- The power of drawing, or the principle by which all bodies mutually tend towards each other; the great agent in nature`s wonderful operations.—attraction of mountains, the deviating influence exercised on the plumb-line by the vicinity of high land. but exerting also a marvellous effect on all floating bodies, for every seaman knows that a ship stands inshore faster than she stands out, the distances being similar.
Containment, английский
- Specific us cold war foreign policy aimed at limiting the spread of communism
- The blocking by one nation of another nation’s attempts to spread influence—especially the efforts of the united states to block the spread of soviet communism during the late 1940s and early 1950s.
- 1. action taken to restrict the spread of something undesirable or dangerous such as a disease government policy of containment of the sars virus 2. the eradication of a global disease such as smallpox by removing it region by region
- Сдерживание; контаинмент
- Меры предосторожности в опытах по генной инженерии
Production, английский
- Refers to a person acting more dramtic than they would in a show, making the situation epic. example after tasha got up, she caused even more of a scene by throwing her purse on the ground, punching her boyfriend, and stomping into a store. what she did was a production.
- Добыча. извлечение полезного ископаемого из недр.
- Производство
- Производство, продукция (наряду с материальными благами продукция включает только те виды услуг, которые могут рассматриваться как реализуемые: к ним относятся услуги, предоставляемые так называемыми лицами свободных профессий; остальные услуги из состава продукции исключаются; в снс)
- N 1 продуцирование, порождение, производство (син. generation); 2 фон. произношение (производство звука ) 1 обработка документов, созданных на естественном языке, а также разработка методов, технологий и конкретных систем, обеспечиваю- щих общение человека с пк на естественном или ограниченном есте- ственном языке. language ~ когн. продуцирование, порожде- ние речи (син. language generation, speech production; см. тж. speech generation; text to speech system) speech ~ порождение речи (син. language generation, language ~; см. тж. speech generation; text to speech system)
- For obtaining the benefits of trading with our colonies, it is necessary that the goods be accompanied by a “certificate of production” in the manner required by marine law. (see origin.)
- Производство, изготовление
- A rule that processes input and produces a sequence of terminal and non-terminal symbols, which can also be passed to further productions. the rules that a compiler or an expert system uses are often called productions. see also: non-terminal symbol, terminal symbol.
- Any process of synthesis, transformation or destruction realized in a space of interacting components that results not merely in the emission of signals or arrangement of characters, but as in a computer or a clockwork in material entities which are capable of interacting with other entities possibly including with the components that produced them. (->autopoiesis, ->allopoiesis)
- The process of creating usable goods from raw materials and/or parts.
- In the context of project financing, a defined portion of the proceeds of production up to a dollar amount.
- The output of goods and services.
- Добыча. извлечение полезного ископаемого из недр. производ- ство. объем добычи или производства.
- Term used to describe the process of extracting, preparing, storing, and delivering well oils.
- The phase of the petroleum industry that deals with bringing the well fluids to the surface and separating them and with storing, gauging, and otherwise preparing the product for the pipeline.
Efficiency, английский
- A rating on comfort equipment, similar to the miles per gallon rating on your car. the higher the rating, the more efficient the system and the lower your fuel consumption will be.
- A comfort-equipment and fuel-efficiency rating similar to the miles-per-gallon rating for automobiles
- A general term used to describe how effectively a heat pump, air conditioning system, or furnace converts incoming energy to outgoing energy. the higher the number, the more efficient the unit, and the lower the operating costs.
- A measure of a product`s ability to utilize input energy; expressed as a percentage.
- Эффективность; кпд
- Эффективность (производства); производительность (труда), см. yield, utility, productivity
- Эффективность
- Эффективность; полезный эффект результативность в зависимости от затраченных ресурсов (времени, финансов и др.).
- Эффективность (улавливания частиц). применительно к фильтрам, пылеуловителям и брызговым скрубберам — отношение количества частиц, задерживаемых данным устройством, к поступающему в него количеству (обычно выражается в процентах) (предварительный стандарт мос, 8).
- In a loudspeaker, the ratio of acoustic power output to electrical power input.
- The degree and speed with which a market accurately incorporates information into prices.
- An economic goal of receiving the most satisfaction from a given amount of resources; it occurs when satisfaction cannot be increased through increased production of one good and less of another. see allocativeefficiency and productiveefficiency.
- Однокомнатная квартира с плитой и раковиной в жилой комнате
- The ratio of the useful energy output to energy input of a machine or other energy-converting plant.
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Hearings, английский
Regulatory commissions often institute procedures for listening to facts and evidence from the various parties that will ultimately be affected by a commission decision. these scheduled sessions provide opportunities for citizen participation in the process, and they improve the transparency of decision-making. some commissions adopt a near-judicial approach to regulatory proceedings, while others have more informal mechanisms for determining rules.
Quantitative controls, английский
Regulations that constrain activities to meet specific, measurable targets. also, controls to limit quantity supplied, as in rationing.
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