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Public blockchains
| Глоссарий по криптовалютам и блокчейну |
A public blockchain is a blockchain that anyone in the world can read, anyone in the world can send transactions to and expect to see them included if they are valid, and anyone in the world can participate in the consensus process – the process for determining what blocks get added to the chain and what the current state is. as a substitute for centralized or quasi-centralized trust, public blockchains are secured by crypto economics – the combination of economic incentives and cryptographic verification using mechanisms such as proof of work or proof of stake, following a general principle that the degree to which someone can have an influence in the consensus process is proportional to the quantity of economic resources that they can bring to bear. these blockchains are generally considered to be “fully decentralized”
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Blockchain, английский
- A blockchain is a type of distributed ledger, comprised of unchangable, digitally recorded data in packages called blocks (rather like collating them on to a single sheet of paper). each block is then ‘chained’ to the next block, using a cryptographic signature. this allows block chains to be used like a ledger, which can be shared and accessed by anyone with the appropriate permissions.
- Shared, trusted, public ledger of transactions, that everyone can inspect but which no single user controls. it is a cryptographed, secure, tamper resistant distributed database. it solves a complex mathematical problem to exist. a blockchain is a perfect place to store value, identities, agreements, property rights, credentials, etc. once you put something like a bitcoin into it, it will stay there forever. it is decentralized, disintermediated, cheap and censorship resistant. applications of blockchain: bitcoin (cryptocurrency), namecoin (wants to replace the entire dns system of the internet), or sia (a decentralized cloud storage), ethereum (turing complete virtual machine where you can run any smart contract); any centralized service like ebay, dropbox can potentially be built in a decentralized way using blockchain technology, considerably lowering transaction costs
- Think of blockchain as a database or a spreadsheet. but a really special spreadsheet. there`s no centralized master copy. instead, it`s shared on many computers. it`s special because you can only add to it. there`s no editing of history. the database is divided into chronological sub-sheets. these are the blocks. the last line of any block summarizes all of the data in the block, and ч and this is pretty important ч appears as the first line of the next block. if anyone tries to edit a block, the last line will change and will not match the first line of the next block. the network sees this corrupted block and immediately replaces it. this ingenious trick makes it futile to rewrite history and guarantees an unprecedented degree of security. blockchain was invented by haber and stornetta in 1991 but made famous in the satoshi nakamoto`s bitcoin paper.
Public, английский
- Общественность/ общественный
- Общественность
- Общий; общедоступный; открытый; экспортируемый
- A system involving individuals whose communications have no specific receiver and are (ideally) accessable to all members of a community or society, e.g., a public debate, the mass media (to the extent it reflects public opinion and sentiments).
Public, английский
Public (adj), английский
A privacy relationship setting that allows a small amount of information to be viewed, typically for nonfederated contacts.
Public -, английский
- Бар, пивная; закусочная (здание)
- Строительство общественных зданий и сооружений
Public - call office, английский
Public ., английский
Public access, английский
Открытый доступ; общий доступ
Public access channel, английский
A cable television channel specifically designated as a noncommercial public access channel available on a first-come, non-discriminatory basis.
Public access provider, английский
An organization that provides internet access for individuals or other organizations, often for a fee.
Public access terminal, английский
Public accounting oversight board (pcaob), английский
The organization that oversees auditors. set up after the sarbanes-oxley act of 2002.
Public address, английский
Система оповещения
Public address (system), английский
Система общего оповещения, система громкоговорящей связи
Public address and general alarm system, английский
Система оповещения и общей сигнализации
Public address system, английский
- Громкоговорящая система оповещения
- Широковещательная система; система громкой связи
- System based on a set of loudspeakers used to broadcast prerecorded or live messages inside an infrastructure.
Public address/general alarm, английский
Public advocate, английский
Public affairs, английский
Общественные дела в санитарном просвещении – деятельность, проводимая в общественных интересах.
Public agency, английский
Государственное учреждение
Public amenities and personal service center, английский
Transactions, английский
Операции (в снс; понятия, относящиеся к реализации товаров и услуг экономическими единицами, получающими за это определенную компенсацию; по характеру объектов подразделяются на текущие, т. е. предназначенные для немедленного использования или потребления, и капитальные операции, т. е. по увеличению национального богатства)
Participate, английский
Determining, английский
Определение о ~ reactions
Substitute, английский
- N замена, заместитель, замещение (см. тж. substitution) anaphoric ~ анафорический заместитель dependent ~ зависимый заместитель interrogative ~ вопросительное замещение
- Заменяющий вымпел
- A delegate who stands in for the approval of a document when the original approver is out of office.
- An item that can take the place of another item.
- Заменитель
Centralized, английский
- Hvac system a heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning system having a single heating and/or cooling source for air distribution.
- Централизованный
Combination, английский
- Комбинация, сочетание
- Комбинация, сочетание сомсм communications counter- measures меры противодействия радиосвязи противника 163
- Сочетание; комбинация (сочетание взаимосвязанных признаков изобретения).
- Сочетание; комбинация (сочетание взаимосвязанных признаков изобретения)
- Отношение
- N сочетание word ~ словосочетание
- Комбинация; соединение; сочетание; объединение; набор; система
- Сочетание; соединение; комбинация; смешение; состав ~ of errors сумма ошибок load ~ сочетание нафузок
- Series of two or more fences within 39 feet 4 inches of each other that must be taken as a pair, an in-and-out.
- Applies to derivative products. arrangement of options involving two long or two short positions with different expiration dates or strike (exercise) prices. see: straddle.
- Мотоцикл с прицепной коляской
- Vehicle consisting or two or more separable units, of which each part need not be independently mobile, for example a motorcycle and side
Cryptographic, английский
- Криптографический
- Криптографический; шифровальный
Verification, английский
- Testing and evaluation of an item of equipment or a system to assure compliance with its specification or other requirements.
- An oral or written statement, usually made under oath, saying that something is true
- The confirmation by examination and provision of objective evidence that specified requirements have been fulfilled. [clsi]
- Проверка, контроль
- Проверка, подтверждение
- Верификация
- Проверка
- Проверка; подтверждение; контроль
- The process of determining whether an implementation is in conformance with some specific standard(s) and/or specification(s). (ieee)
- A part of the compilation process in which code is checked for conformance to a specific set of rules defined to allow proof of certain security requirements. the common language runtime can verify common intermediate language (cil).
- The process in which a developer tests an app to make sure it meets app requirements.
- Сверка
- To check for discrepancies between a standard and the unit and to adjust the device so that readings fall within tolerance limits. compare calibration.
Mechanisms, английский
Proportional, английский
- Член пропорции
- A пропорциональный analogy
- Пропорциональный
Decentralized, английский
Децентрализованный
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Testnet, английский
- A second blockchain used by developers for testing new versions of client software without putting real value at risk
- Тестовая цепочка блоков транзакций. используется разработчиками, чтобы не тратить деньги в основной цепочке.
Proof of authority(poa), английский
A proof of authority is a consensus mechanism in a private blockchain which essentially gives one client(or a specific number of clients) with one particular private key the right to make all of the blocks in the blockchain
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