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Rayleigh scattering
| Fiber Optic Glossary |
- The scattering of light into a direction generally reverse to the original one. the principle on which otdrs operate; the scattering of light caused by index of refraction variations in the submicroscopic structure of the glass. one of the two major causes of attenuation in optical fibers
- Scattering of radiation in the course of its passage through a medium containing particles, the sizes of which are small compared with the wavelength of the radiation.
- Scattering of light at scattering centers which are much smaller than the wavelength
- The scattering of light that results from small inhomogeneities of material density or composition.
- Рэлеевское рассеяние
- Рассеяние рэлея. см. scattering — рас* сеяние. ¦ , ¦ : : . .: i real-time measurement — разовое измерение. измерение, выполняемое практически одновременно с измеряемым явлением. в исследованиях по загрязнению атмосферного воздуха оно противоположно интегральным методам или методам осреднения по времени, когда проводится определение средней концентрации загрязнителя за данный период времени.. разовые измерения имеют особое значение, когда исследуемые загрязнители представляют опасность для здоровья.
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Rayleigh length, английский
The distance from a beam waist where the mode radius increased by a factor square root of 2
Rayleigh line, английский
Линия рэлея
Rayleigh number, английский
Rayleigh wave, английский
- Ultrasonic wave that propagates along the surface of a test object. the particle motion is elliptical in a plane perpendicular to the surface, decreasing rapidly with depth below the surface. the effective depth of penetration is considered to be about one wavelength. also called surface wave.
- Ultrasonic wave that propagates along the surface of a test object. the particle motion is elliptical in a plane perpendicular to the surface, decreasing rapidly with depth below the surface. the effective depth of penetration is considered to be about one wavelength.7 also called surface wave. 563
Rayleigh wave (ut), английский
Scatter, английский
Колебание; подверженность колебаниям; разброс, дисперсия 2 —2464 17
Scatter (rt), английский
One of the causes of haziness or fog. some of the incident radiation is scattered by atomic electrons of the object being radiographed much as light is dispersed by fog. any material, whether specimen, cassette, tabletop walls, floors, etc., receiving direct radiation, is a source of scattered radiation.
Scatter back, английский
An upholstery furniture piece in which the back pillows are loose and can be arranged to your choice. this adds versatility to sofas and love seats. different to a traditional loose back pillow piece, scatter back pieces have many back pillows which can be moved and removed.
Scatter chart, английский
A chart that plots numerical data along two value axes (x,y). scatter/gather direct memory access (n)
Scatter communication, английский
Связь с использованием эффекта рассеяния радиоволн
Scatter diagram, английский
- A chart that shows relationships between variables
- A chart that shows relationships between variables a graph with a vertical and horizontal axis with dots at each data point. also called a “scatter plot” or “dot chart.” scatter plot (see “scatter diagram”)
Scatter diagram or scatter plot or scattergram, английский
- Диаграмма разброса или диаграмма рассеяния. схема точек, полученная в результате нанесения двух переменных на гра-фик. каждая точка или позиция представляет один субъект или элемент анализа и образуется пересечением значений двух переменных [20].
- Диаграмма разброса или диаграмма рассеяния. схема точек, полученная в результате нанесения двух переменных на график. каждая точка или позиция представляет один субъект или элемент анализа и образуется пересечением значений двух переменных [20].
Scatter diagram, plot, английский
Scatter pile, английский
Scatter shield, английский
Protective safety cover over any item liable to explosive failure, such as the clutch assembly of a racing car. scavenge pump (1) oil pump that returns oil to the main oil reservoir in a dry sump lubrication system. (2) any pump that serves to remove unwanted fluids or suspensions
Scatter unsharpness (rt), английский
Scatter-hoarding, английский
Scatteration, английский
Разгрузка больших городов; создание городов-спутников
Scattered, английский
- Рассеянный (об облаках)
- Used for listed equity securities. unconcentrated buy or sell interest.
Scattered cloud, английский
Scattering, английский
- Утруска
- Intrinsic fiber losses caused by undissolved particles, boundary roughness, and intrinsic material losses
- Loss of light that is scattered off atoms in different directions, so it escapes from the fiber core. a major component of fiber attenuation.
- Рассеяние. процесс, в ходе которого происходит изменение направления или энергии падающей частицы или радиации, вызываемое столкновением с другой частицей или системой частиц (мос, 5). рассеяние ми — рассеяние электромагнитного излучения сферическими частицами при отсутствии четкой зависимости между размером частиц и длиной волны излучения. оно имеет большое значение для исследований по загрязнению атмосферного воздуха. свет интенсивно рассеивается частицами диаметром около 0,1—1 мкм; происходящее при этом снижение видимости является функцией квадрата радиуса частиц. рассеяние рэлея — рассеяние частицами, радиус которых меньше ую длины волны излучения (например, рассеяние света молекулами кислорода и азота в воздухе).
- Reflection of ultrasonic waves by small discontinuities or surface irregularities.
- Uncontrolled reflection of ultrasonic waves by small discontinuities or surface irregularities.7
Refraction, английский
- The tendency of wave crests to become parallel to bottom contours as waves move into shallower waters. this effect is caused by the shoaling process which slows down waves in shallower waters.
- The change of direction or speed of light as it passes from one medium to another.
- Преломление, рефракция
- Process by which the direction of a radiation is changed as a result of changes in its velocity of propagation.
- The change of direction of propagation of any wave, such as an electromagnetic wave, when it passes from one medium to another in which the wave velocity is different. the bending of incident rays as they pass from one medium to another (e.g., air to glass).
- The change of the propagation direction when a wave comes from one medium into another one
- The directional shift or "bending" of light rays as they leave one density medium and enter a different one. or why your legs are short in water when viewed from the air.
- The bending of light as it passes between materials of different refractive index.
- 1. a change of direction of light rays as they enter a medium such as the eye 2. the measurement of the angle at which the light rays bend, as a test to see if someone needs to wear glasses
- A test to determine the best prescription to correct a refractive error (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism).
- The change in direction of a light ray or a sound ray in passing from one medium to another. refectory
- Рефракция
- An inflection of the rays of light: that property of the atmosphere which bends the rays of light in their passage to the eye from a different density, and causes the altitude of heavenly bodies to appear greater than it really is, especially near the horizon. (see terrestrial refraction.)
- A wave phenomenon involving change of direction or bending. when a wave of any kind— light, sound, sonar, radar, etc.—passes between materials of different density, its behavior changes as it exits the old medium. and encounters the new one. there is reflection off the boundary and transmission into the new medium. the transmitted wave undergoes refraction when it approaches the boundary obliquely.
- The bending of light as it passes through a diamond or gemstone.
- Bending of light waves, which occurs when a light wave passes from one medium to another
- Change in direction of an acoustic wave as the ultrasonic beam passes from one medium into another having different acoustic speeds. a change in both direction and mode occurs at acute angles of incidence. at small angles of incidence, the original mode and a converted mode may exist simultaneously in the second medium.
- Reorientation of radiation’s path by the medium through which it passes.
- Deflection of a wave due to a change in its speed as it passes from one material to another. see also refractometer.
- Change in direction of an acoustic wave as the ultrasonic beam passes from one medium into another having different acoustic speeds. a change in both direction and mode occurs at acute angles of incidence. at small angles of incidence, the original mode and a converted mode may exist simultaneously in the second medium.7
Attenuation, английский
- The decrease in magnitude of a signal, as it travels through a medium. used to describe signal loss in a transmission system. measured in decibels (db).
- Поглощение
- Зависимость снижения мощности сигнала от расстояния. для оптоволоконных кабелей обычно выражается в дб/км
- In general terms, a reduction in signal strength.
- The decrease in magnitude of a wave, or a signal, as it travels through a medium or
- The difference between transmitted and received power due to loss through equipment, lines, or other transmission devices; usually expressed in decibels. the loss in power of electromagnetic signals between transmission and reception points.
- The decrease in magnitude of a wave, or a signal, as it travels through a medium or an electric system. it is measured in decibels (db).
- The loss of optical power, whether caused intrinsically (absorption, scattering, microbends, etc.), or extrinsically by components (connectors, splices, splitters, etc)
- The decrease in radiation energy (power) as a beam passes through an absorbing or scattering medium.
- Reduction of signal magnitude, or loss, normally measured in decibels. fiber attenuation is normally measured per unit length in decibels per kilometer. the decrease in signal strength along a fiber optic waveguide caused by absorption and scattering. attenuation is usually expressed in db/km.
- A reduction in the effect or strength of something such as a virus, either because of environmental conditions or as a result of a laboratory procedure
- Ослабление
- Ослабление (затухание). уменьшение количества радиации при ее прохождении через вещество в результате всех видов взаимодействия с этим веществом. ослабление обычно не связано с уменьшением геометрических размеров (мос, 5). ослабление солнечной радиации — потеря энергии световым лучом при его прохождении через атмосферу земли. потеря энергии обусловлена рассеянием света молекулами воздуха, селективной абсорбцией молекулами определенных веществ и рассеянием света аэрозолями (вмо).
- The weakening of a transmitted signal, such as the distortion of a digital signal or the reduction in amplitude of an electrical signal. attenuation is usually measured in decibels and is sometimes desirable, as when signal strength is reduced electronically, for example, by a radio volume control, to prevent overloading.
- The weakening of a transmitted signal, such as the reduction in the brightness of light, as it travels farther from its source.
- Regulatory system of prokaryotes whereby secondary stem-loop structures formed within the 5’ end of an mrna being transcribed determine both if transcription to complete the synthesis of this mrna will occur and if this mrna will be used for translation
- Decrease in transmitted energy intensity over distance. the loss may be due to absorption, scattering, reflection, leakage, beam divergence, or other material effects.
- Снижение интенсивности передаваемой энергии на расстоянии. потери могут быть вызваны поглощением, рассеянием, отражением, утечкой, расходимостью луча или другими материальными эффектами.
- Decrease in signal magnitude during energy transmission from one point to another. this loss may be caused by absorption, reflection, scattering of energy or other material characteristics or may be caused by an electronic or optical device such as an attenuator.1
- (1) decrease in energy or signal magnitude in transmission from one point to another. can be expressed in decibels or as a scalar ratio of the input magnitude to the output magnitude.16 (2) change in signal strength caused by an electronic device such as an attenuator. (3) decrease in intensity caused by absorption, leakage, reflection, scattering or other material characteristics. see also neper.
- (1) decrease in acoustic energy over distance. this loss may be caused by absorption, leakage, reflection, scattering or other material characteristics. (2) decrease in signal amplitude caused by acoustic energy loss or by an electronic device such as an attenuator.10,16,21
Containing, английский
Wavelength, английский
- Light is made up of electromagnetic waves; wavelength is the crest (peak)-to-crest distance between two adjacent waves.
- Для оптических сетевых устройств длина волны светового потока составляет 850, 1300, 1310 и 1550 нм
- The optical term for frequency. fiber optics generally uses the 850 nm, 1300/1310 nm, 1550 nm and 1625 nm wavelengths for transmission purpose due to the marriage of performance with light sources, optical fibers, and optical detector technologies
- Distance in the direction of propagation of a periodic wave between two successive points at which the phase is the same. tel 203•377•8282 fax 203•378•2457 e-mail res_sales@oriel.com url www.oriel.com 9-17 polarization lenses optics prisms & filters beam splitters windows, substrates & mirrors properties of optical coatings optical materials
- The length of the light wave, usually measured from crest to crest, which determines its color. common units of measurement are the micrometer (micron), the nanometer, and the angstrom unit.
- The spatial period of a plane wave
- The distance between "waves" in the electromagnetic field, specified as angstroms or nanometers.
- The distance an electromagnetic wave travels in the time it takes to oscillate through a complete cycle. wavelengths of light are measured in nanometers (10-9 m) or micrometers (10-6m).
- The linear distance occupied by one complete cycle of vibration of an energy form from any given point to the next point characterized by the same phase.
- For light waves or sound waves, the distance between two successive points of a periodic wave in the direction of propagation, in which the oscillation has the same phase; the distance the wave travels in one period. for light waves three common units of wavelength are: micrometer, nanometer, and angstrom. wave molding, oundy molding, swelled chamfer, undulating molding, undy
- Длина волны wax 1. воск 2. парафин 3. пластичная глина way 1. путь; дорога 2. проход; переход 3. колея 4. направление, сторона 5. амер, расстояние
- The physical length between corresponding points of successive cycles of a wave. low frequencies have long wavelengths; high frequencies have short wavelengths.
- The distance between the crests of a wave in a radio signal, measured as the speed of light divided by the frequency in- hz.
- The distance between one peak of a wave and the next peak
- Light is measured by its wavelength (in nanometers) or frequency (in hertz). one wavelength. equals the distance between two successive wave crests.
- The distance between two points having the same phase in two consecutive cycles of a periodic wave, along a line in the direction of propagation.
- Distance between repeating values of a wave — for example, the distance from one peak to the next peak on a sine wave. wavelength is a fundamental descriptor when discussing wave behavior, system sensitivity, and diffraction effects.
- Distance between repeating values of a wave. for example, the distance from one peak to the next peak on a sine wave.
- Distance between repeating values of a wave. for example, the distance from one peak to the next peak on a sine wave. wavelength is generally measured in nanometers when considering uv-a radiation (for example, 365 nm). compare frequency.
- Distance between repeating units of a wave. for example, the distance from one peak to the next peak.
- Distance needed in the propagation direction for a wave to go through a complete cycle.7,21
Composition, английский
- Состав
- A photographic process in which patterns on two separate substrates are
- The arrangement of subject matter, graphic elements, tones, and light in a scene. can be harmonious or discordant, depending on the photographer, his or her mood, and the subject at hand. there are no set rules, just suggestions; successful compositions are ones that best express particular feelings about the subject or scene.
- N словосложение; образование (ант. decomposition) polysynthetic ~ полисинтетическое объедине- ние
- A composition is a function or relationship that can be constructed from other functions or relationships. for example, the function grandparent(x) is a recursive composition of the parent() function, grandparent(x) = parent(parent(x)). compositional rule of inference (cri) see: fuzzy associative memory. computer-aided design (cad) the process of using a computer to aid in the design and (cadcam) manufacture of objects or systems. the complexity of these systems range from basic drawing systems through systems that can warn you about basic dimensional constraints to systems that understand and implement constraints based on other properties of the objects in the system. it is used for the design of mechanical, electronic, construction, and other systems. computer-aided education the use of computers to aid in the education of personnel. computer-aided instruction, intelligent see: intelligent computer-aided instruction. computer integrated manufacturing (cim) computer integrated manufacturing refers to the integration of computer sensors and controllers into a manufacturing process. this includes three types of functions. first the computers provide programmable and flexible automation of the manufacturing process. this leads to the ability to optimize the process flexibly to react to current variations in the process. finally, the various sensors and controllers can be integrated into a comprehensive system.
- A whole-part relationship in which the life cycle of the part object is dependent on the life cycle of the whole object.
- An activity flow created from multiple actions. composition is core to the human workflow services system.
- An export format that flattens a group of images defined in a deep zoom composer project into a single high-resolution image that is generated at export.
- One or more images that are positioned, arranged, ordered, and proportionally resized according to a user’s specifications within a deep zoom composer project.
- Voluntary arrangement to restructure a firm`s debt, under which payment is reduced.
Measurement, английский
- Set of operations having the object of determining a value of a quantity (1)
- Измерение. система мер.
- Измерение; замер
- The size, length, etc. of something which has been measured
- Измерение
- Обмер
- Оценка
- Измерение dust ~ измерение концентрации пыли
- Измерение. комплекс операций, имеющих целью определение значе-ния величины [32].
- The process of ascertaining the attributes, dimensions, extent, quantity, degree or capacity of some object of observation and representing these in the qualitative or quantitative terms of a data language. any empirical pursuit that places the observer outside his object of observation must consider measurement the fundamental process through which scientific constructs or models are linked to reality (->index, ->symptom). otherwise measurement is only one section in a circular process of computing a stable form. the traditional levels of measurement are nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio scales.
- The magnitude of the property of an object calibrated against one or more units of measure.
- Измерение. комплекс операций, имеющих целью определение значения величины [32].
Одновременно, русский
Одновременно, враз, зараз, разом, сразу, вместе с тем, в то же время. не говорите все вдруг, а кто-нибудь один. ср. сразу. , сразу
Исследованиях, русский
Температуры окружающих человека поверхностей
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Super physical contact (spc), английский
The spherical endface polish of a ferrule and fiber that is performed on a polishing machine. typically 50 db return loss. superseded by the upc polish
Index of refraction (ior), английский
The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a material. when light strikes the surface of a transparent material, some light is reflected while some is bent (refracted) as it enters. the ior is used to calibrate otdrs for measuring fiber length
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