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Grog
| Глоссарий морских терминов (рангоут, такелаж, устройство судна) |
- Watered-down pusser`s rum consisting of half a gill with equal part of water, issued to all seamen over twenty. (cpos and pos were issued with neat rum) from the british admiral vernon who, in 1740, ordered the men`s ration of rum to be watered down. he was called "old grogram" because he often wore a grogram coat, and the watered rum came to be called `grog`. often used (illegally) as currency in exchange for favours in quantities prescribed as `sippers` and `gulpers`. additional issues of grog were made on the command `splice the mainbrace` for celebrations or as a reward for performing especially onerous duties. the rn discontinued the practice of issuing rum in 1970. a sailor might repay a colleague for a favour by giving him part or all of his grog ration, ranging from "sippers" (a small amount) via "gulpers" (a larger quantity) to "grounders" (the entire tot).
- A crushed refractory material such as crushed firebrick or crushed pottery; used in the manufacture of products designed to withstand extreme heat.
- A drink issued in the navy, consisting of one part of spirits diluted with three of water; introduced in 1740 by admiral vernon, as a check to intoxication by mere rum, and said to have been named from his grogram coat. pindar, however, alludes to the cyclops diluting their beverage with ten waters. as the water on board, in olden times, became very unwholesome, it was necessary to mix it with spirits, but iron tanks have partly remedied this. the addition of sugar and lemon-juice now makes grog an agreeable anti-scorbutic.
- Edward vernon joined the british royal navy in 1700 and was a rear-admiral by the age of twenty-four (14 years earlier than nelson achieved that rank). he served as a member of parliament, but was recalled to naval service in 1739 when the war of jenkins’ ear broke out. almost immediately he led his fleet in the capture of porto bello, where it found a 139 grog large cache of gold and silver. contrary to admiralty regulations, he divided the money among the sailors of the fleet who would normally have received little or nothing. the delighted sailors affectionately nicknamed him old grog because at sea, when out of sight of land or other ships, he wore a timeworn cloak made of grogram (a coarse mixture of wool, mohair and silk stiffened with gum) which was so well-used that it was threadbare. later they were less enthusiastic when—concerned by widespread drunkenness, disciplinary problems, and “observing that recent frequent desertions have principally arisen from men stupefying themselves with spirituous liquors”—he ordered their daily allowance of 96-proof liquor to be cut with water in the ratio of 3:1. at the same time he suggested that “men that are good husbands may from the savings of their salt and bread purchase sugar and lime to make the water more palatable to them” (see gimlet). they contemptuously called the weakened drink “grog” since it was as thinned-out as his cloak. shortly afterward diluted liquor became standard throughout the fleet, although petty officers and above could still draw their ration undiluted. (see also royal navy rum ration.)
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Prescribed, английский
Заданный; предписанный
Additional, английский
- Дополнительный 33
- Дополнительный; добавочный
Performing, английский
Especially, английский
Discontinued, английский
Прерванный
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Chafing, английский
- Wear on line or sail caused by constant rubbing against another surface.
- Irritation of the skin due to rubbing she was experiencing chafing of the thighs. chagas’ disease chagas’ disease / ?? &?s d?zi z/
Watercraft, английский
- Water transport vessels. ships, boats, personal water craft, etc.
- [1] inclusive term for any boat, ship, or other waterborne vessel. [2] the art of sailing or boating.
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