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Berth-note
| Морской глоссарий (русский, английский) |
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Берс-нот, русский
- Разновидность договора морской перевозки грузов, применяемого как в линейном, так и в трамповом судоходстве. линейные компании применяют ее в тех случаях, когда генерального груза не хватает для полной загрузки судна и оно догружается к.-л. массовым (трамповым) грузом, перевозимым не на линейных условиях, а на условиях, применяемых при чартерных перевозках. в трамповом судоходстве эта форма контракта применяется при фрахтовании судна под перевозку частичного груза (part cargo), не обеспечивающего полного использования его грузоподъемности. перевозчики в таких случаях стремятся догрузить судно др. коммерческим грузом, подаваемым по возможности на том же причале, что и основной.
- Разновидность контракта на морскую перевозку грузов, применяемого как в линейном, так и в трамповом судоходстве. линей-ные компании применяют ее в тех случаях, когда генерального груза не хватает для полной загрузки судна и оно догружается каким-либо масс
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Weighing note, английский
Incoterms, английский
- (refer to comments in covering statement on front page a-f)
- A set of thirteen trade terms which define the responsibilities of buyer and seller at various stages of international sales transactions. these were promulgated by the international chamber of commerce in 1936, and are updated roughly every ten years to reflect changing commercial environments. six of these terms are exclusive to marine transportation (in boldface below). the others are intermodal or land-based, but all are listed below for completeness. [in global trade, “delivery” refers to the seller fulfilling the terms of sale or completing contractual obligations. thus it can occur while the goods are in a vessel on the high seas and the parties involved are nowhere near.] • cfr (cost and freight): it is the shipper/seller’s responsibility to get goods to the port of destination. “delivery” is accomplished at this time and the buyer coves insurance from the port of origin or port of shipment to buyer’s door. imprest 160 • cif (cost, insurance and freight): this arrangement similar to cfr, but instead of the buyer insuring the goods for the maritime phase of the voyage, the shipper/seller will do so. as above, “delivery” is accomplished at the port of destination. • cip (carriage and insurance paid): this term is primarily used for multimodal transport. it relies on the carrier’s insurance, so the shipper/seller is only required to purchase minimum coverage. the buyer’s insurance is effective when the goods are turned over to the forwarder. • cpt (carriage paid to): the shipper/seller has the same obligations as with cif, with the addition of buying cargo insurance, naming the buyer as the insured while the goods are in transit. • daf (delivered at frontier): the seller’s responsibility is to get the goods to a named border crossing and clear them for export. “delivery” occurs at this time. the buyer’s responsibility is to arrange the pickup of the goods after they are cleared for export, carry them across the border, clear them for importation and effect delivery. • ddp (delivered duty paid): the shipper/seller is responsible for insuring the goods, and moving them from the manufacturing plant to the buyer/ consignee’s door, absorbing all risks and costs, including the payment of duty and fees. this arrangement tends to be used in intermodal or courier-type shipments. • ddu (delivered duty unpaid): this is basically the same as ddp, except that the buyer is responsible for duty, fees and taxes. • deq (delivered ex-quay): the seller is responsible for delivering the goods to the quay, wharf or port of destination, while the buyer/consignee is responsible for duties, charges, and customs clearance. • des (delivered ex-ship): the seller’s responsibility is to get uncleared goods to the port of destination. “delivery” occurs at this time and any charges that occur after the ship docks are the buyer’s responsibility. • exw (ex-works): one of the simplest and most basic arrangements, with the buyer responsible for picking-up the goods at the shipper or seller’s factory or warehouse. • fas (free alongside ship): the buyer bears transportation costs and the risk of loss, while the shipper/ seller clears the goods for export. “delivery” is accomplished when the goods are turned over to the buyer’s forwarder for insurance and transportation. • fca (free carrier): the seller is responsible for arranging transportation, but at the risk and expense of the buyer. “delivery” is accomplished at a predetermined port or destination point and the buyer is responsible for insurance. • fob (free on board): specifically refers to transportation of goods by water. the shipper/seller moves the merchandise to the designated port or point of origin. “delivery” is accomplished when the shipper/seller releases the goods to the buyer’s agent, at which moment the buyer assumes responsibility for insurance and transportation.
- Trade terms used worldwide to specify seller and buyer obligations in shipments against international sales contracts. these terms are adopted by the international chamber of commerce (icc) for international movement of merchandise. since they in themselves are not law, they must be specified if desired in quotations, sales contracts, purchase orders and commercial invoices.
- Standard conditions for sale and delivery of goods (issued by icc, paris)
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