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Scintillation
| Глоссарий по ядерной энергетике |
- With respect to radiation protection , scintillation is the process where by a material will emit light photons when exposed to ionising radiation . the light photons can be measured with a photo-multiplier tube which will multiply the events to produce a
- This term is used to describe the rapid changes in irradiance levels in a cross section of a laser beam produced by atmospheric turbulence.
- The mirrorlike reflections a diamond’s facets make when it is turned while being exposed to light.
- Scintillation is the intense sparkle that comes from a diamond when it moves. black and white sparkles of scintillation show well in flood lit or office lighting environments where fire can be totally absent. under pin point or spot lights fire also adds to scintillation.
- Emission of light of specific frequencies after the absorption of electromagnetic radiation, such as x-rays or gamma rays.
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Сцинтилляция, русский
(от лат . scintillatio - мерцание), кратковременная вспышка люминесценции, возникающая в сцинтилляторах под действием ионизирующих излучений (напр., быстрых электронов).
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Protection, английский
- Охрана; защита см. coverage
- Охрана; защита
- 1. the act of keeping a person or thing safe from harm 2. something which protects children are vaccinated as a protection against disease. protection of children act 1999 protection of children act 1999 /pr? tek??n ?v t??ldr?n kt/
- Protección
- Предохранение
- Formerly, a certificate giving exemption from impressment.
- Защита; средства защиты
- Защита; защитные меры о ~
- Process of setting equipment or anchors for safety.
- A tab within the exchange administration center (eac) that contains anti-virus/anti spam, and data loss protection.
- The process of protecting data from loss or corruption by centrally creating and maintaining replicas and shadow copies of the data. dpm is designed to provide short-term disk-based backup, to support rapid and reliable recovery of data.
- In a specialised sense, used for the rules governing the protection given to a train which stops in an unusual location or becomes derailed, to stop another train hitting it.
Multiplier, английский
- Умножитель
- The factor by which an architect’s direct personnel expense is multiplied to determine compensation for his professional services or designated portions thereof. multi-ply construction laminated construction having more than three plies. also
- In arithmetic, the number that indicates how many times another number (the multiplicand) is multiplied.
- The investment multiplier which quantifies the overall effects of investment spending on total income. the deposit multiplier which shows the effects of a change in bank deposits on the total amount of outstanding credit and the money supply.
Irradiance, английский
- The density of the luminous flux which is incident on a surface.
- Интенсивность излучения
- The direct, diffuse, and reflected solar radiation that strikes a surface. usually expressed in kilowatts per square meter. irradiance multiplied by time equals insolation.
- The direct, diffuse, and reflected solar radiation that strikes a surface. usually
- Power of electromagnetic radiant energy incident on or radiated from the surface of a given unit area. compare radiance.
- Radiant power falling upon a known surface area at a given angle. compare radiance. see also radiometer. ishiharatm plates: trade name for a kind of pseudoisochromatic plates, used for color differentiation vision testing.
- Total radiant power, in watts per square meter (w/m2), falling upon a known surface area at a given angle.
- Total radiant power, in watts per square meter (w/m2), falling on a known surface area at a given angle. compare radiance. see also radiometer. irradiance, effective: measure of spectrally weighted radiant power in watts per meter-squared, as determined with a sensor whose responsivity replicates some desired action spectrum. compare irradiance; irradiance, spectral. irradiance, spectral: measure of energy emitted by a radiation source as function of wavelength. units of spectral irradiance are watts per square meter per nanometer (w·m–2·nm–1) and are often plotted versus wavelength. see also spectral power distribution. ishihara plate: trade name for a kind of pseudoisochromatic plate used for color differentiation vision testing.
- Radiant power falling upon a known surface area at a given angle. in nondestructive testing, the unit for irradiance of a uv-a source is microwatt per centimeter squared (?w·cm–2) and maximum irradiance occurs when the source and surface are perpendicular.
- Radiometer. j
Atmospheric, английский
Атмосферный -
Turbulence, английский
- Турбулентность
- Disturbed motion of the sea or atmosphere, usually due to the confluence of water or air currents.
- Турбулентность flow ~ турбулентность потока turf 1. дёрн 2. торф
- Airflow that varies in speed and direction rapidly and violently that can cause damage to wind turbines. often caused by objects such as trees or buildings. v vertical-axis wind turbine: a wind turbine with the axis or main shaft mounted vertically, or perpendicular to the earth’s surface. this type of turbine does not have to be turned to face the wind—it always does. types include savonius and darrius.
- Турбулентность. наложение на среднее движение воздуха интенсивного перемешивания в результате беспорядочных и постоянно изменяющихся движений воздушных масс:. см. также boundary layer; flow,: turbulent — пограничный слой; турбулентное течение.
- Disorderly and agitated motion of a gas, fluid or vapor. in automotive context the term relates either to the turbulent flow of air that has ceased smooth or laminar flow over a vehicle body, or to the intentionally disorderly flow of air that promotes good mixing with the fuel ch
Reflections, английский
Out-of-control reflections can hurt your image; controlled ones can enrich it. tips: keep the subject in full sun, the reflecting surface, such as water, in shade. reflections on water are most pronounced when the lens is at a low angle. most mirrors add a greenish cast to the image. normal mirrors add a "ghost reflection" to the main reflection; use a first surface mirror for critical images.
Environments, английский
Absorption, немецкий
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Shielding (radiation), английский
Shieldling is a major protection principle for reducing exposure to ionising radiation (the two other related principles being time and distance ). see lead for a shielding example.
Rpa2000, английский
Rpa2000 is a non profit making company set up by the society for radiological protection; the institute of physics and engineering in medicine; the institute of radiation protection and the association of university radiation protection officers (the soci
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